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Indian History MCQs 72 (For UPSC PSC and other prelims exams)

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11. Consider the following statements regarding the Morley-Minto Reforms (1909):

  1. The reforms introduced separate electorates for Muslims.
  2. It allowed Indians to serve in the Viceroy’s Executive Council.
  3. The reforms aimed to provide self-government to India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Morley-Minto Reforms introduced separate electorates for Muslims, strengthening communal divisions. ✅
  • It allowed limited Indian representation in the Viceroy’s Executive Council. ✅
  • It did not aim for self-government but was designed to appease nationalist demands. ❌

12. With reference to the Home Rule Movement (1916), consider the following statements:

  1. It was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant.
  2. The movement demanded complete independence from British rule.
  3. The movement was short-lived due to the arrest of its leaders.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Home Rule Movement was led by Tilak and Besant, demanding self-government within the British Empire. ✅
  • It did not demand complete independence (Purna Swaraj), which came later. ❌
  • The movement declined after Annie Besant was arrested, and Tilak left for Britain. ✅

13. Consider the following statements regarding the Rowlatt Act (1919):

  1. It allowed the British government to imprison individuals without trial.
  2. Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in response to the Act.
  3. The Act led to widespread protests, culminating in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Rowlatt Act allowed imprisonment without trial, sparking nationwide outrage. ✅
  • The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched later (1920) due to multiple factors, including the Khilafat issue. ❌
  • The Act led to mass protests, culminating in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919). ✅

14. With reference to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919), consider the following statements:

  1. It was ordered by General Reginald Dyer.
  2. Thousands of peaceful protesters were trapped and fired upon.
  3. The massacre led to the immediate resignation of the Viceroy.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • General Dyer ordered troops to fire on unarmed protesters at Jallianwala Bagh. ✅
  • Hundreds were killed as they were trapped inside a walled compound. ✅
  • Viceroy Chelmsford did not resign, though the massacre intensified nationalist sentiments. ❌

15. Consider the following statements regarding the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22):

  1. It was launched in response to the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
  2. The movement called for boycotting British goods, schools, and institutions.
  3. It ended abruptly after the Chauri Chaura incident.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The movement was triggered by British repression, including the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh massacre. ✅
  • It urged people to boycott British institutions, goods, and services. ✅
  • Gandhi called off the movement after the Chauri Chaura violence (1922), where police were killed. ✅

 

16. Consider the following statements regarding the Swaraj Party (1923):

  1. It was formed by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru after the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  2. The party aimed to enter legislative councils and oppose British policies from within.
  3. The Swaraj Party successfully forced the British to grant Dominion Status to India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Swaraj Party was founded in 1923 by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru to contest elections and oppose British policies. ✅
  • The party entered legislative councils and disrupted British rule from within. ✅
  • It did not succeed in achieving Dominion Status for India. ❌

17. With reference to the Simon Commission (1927), consider the following statements:

  1. It was sent by the British government to review constitutional reforms in India.
  2. The commission had no Indian members, leading to widespread protests.
  3. The recommendations of the Simon Commission were immediately implemented.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Simon Commission was formed to assess the Indian constitutional situation. ✅
  • It had no Indian members, which led to the “Simon Go Back” protests. ✅
  • The recommendations were not implemented immediately but contributed to the Government of India Act, 1935. ❌

18. Consider the following statements regarding the Nehru Report (1928):

  1. It was drafted as a response to the Simon Commission.
  2. The report demanded Dominion Status for India.
  3. It was rejected by the British government.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The Nehru Report was drafted in response to the Simon Commission’s lack of Indian representation. ✅
  • It sought Dominion Status for India within the British Empire. ✅
  • The British rejected the report, leading to the demand for complete independence. ✅

19. With reference to the Lahore Session (1929), consider the following statements:

  1. The Indian National Congress officially demanded complete independence (Purna Swaraj).
  2. The tricolor flag was hoisted for the first time.
  3. The session was presided over by Mahatma Gandhi.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Lahore Session (1929) of INC, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, adopted the resolution for complete independence. ✅
  • The tricolor was hoisted on the banks of the Ravi River. ✅
  • Mahatma Gandhi was not the president; Jawaharlal Nehru led the session. ❌

20. Consider the following statements regarding the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930):

  1. It began with the Dandi March led by Mahatma Gandhi.
  2. The movement aimed at breaking the British salt monopoly.
  3. It was suspended after the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The Civil Disobedience Movement began with the Dandi March (1930), where Gandhi protested against the salt tax. ✅
  • It challenged the British monopoly on salt production. ✅
  • The movement was suspended after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931), which promised some concessions. ✅

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