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Indian History MCQs 45 (For UPSC PSC and other prelims exams)

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41. Consider the following statements regarding the Mauryan economy:

  1. The Mauryan Empire had a well-organized taxation system.
  2. The state controlled key industries like mining, forestry, and textiles.
  3. The Mauryans extensively used gold coins for trade.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Mauryan taxation system was efficient, with land revenue being the main source of income. ✅
  • The state controlled major industries like mining, forests, and textile production. ✅
  • Gold coins were not widely used during the Mauryan period; silver and copper punch-marked coins were more common. ❌

42. Consider the following statements about the Gupta Empire:

  1. The Guptas maintained a large standing army like the Mauryas.
  2. The concept of zero and the decimal system was fully developed during this period.
  3. The Gupta period is known for temple architecture, including the Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Guptas relied more on feudal levies than on maintaining a large standing army like the Mauryas. ❌
  • The decimal system and concept of zero were fully developed during this period. ✅
  • The Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh is an example of Gupta-era temple architecture. ✅

43. With reference to the Ashokan inscriptions, consider the following statements:

  1. The inscriptions were written in multiple languages including Prakrit, Greek, and Aramaic.
  2. Most of Ashoka’s edicts were inscribed on rocks and pillars.
  3. The edicts primarily focused on legal and administrative matters.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2, and 3
(d) 1 and 3 only

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • Ashoka’s edicts were written in Prakrit (Brahmi script), Greek, and Aramaic in different regions. ✅
  • Most of Ashoka’s edicts were inscribed on rock surfaces and stone pillars. ✅
  • The edicts focused more on moral teachings (Dhamma) rather than legal or administrative matters. ❌

44. Consider the following statements regarding early Indian temple architecture:

  1. The Nagara style is characterized by curvilinear towers (Shikhara).
  2. The Dravidian style is commonly found in South India and has pyramid-shaped towers (Vimana).
  3. The Vesara style is a hybrid of Nagara and Dravidian styles.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The Nagara style features curvilinear towers (Shikhara) and is predominant in North India. ✅
  • The Dravidian style is known for its pyramid-like towers (Vimana) and is found in South Indian temples. ✅
  • The Vesara style is a blend of both, seen in temples of Deccan like those in Badami. ✅

 

45. Consider the following statements regarding the Indus Valley Civilization:

  1. The people of the Indus Valley Civilization primarily used baked bricks for construction.
  2. The discovery of seals suggests that they had commercial links with Mesopotamia.
  3. The Indus script has been deciphered and is related to early Sanskrit.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • Baked bricks were commonly used for construction in Harappan cities like Mohenjo-Daro. ✅
  • Indus Valley seals found in Mesopotamia suggest trade links between the two civilizations. ✅
  • The Indus script remains undeciphered, and its relation to Sanskrit is unproven. ❌

46. With reference to the Vedic period, consider the following statements:

  1. The term ‘Gopati’ was used for the king, meaning the protector of cows.
  2. The Sabha and Samiti were two important assemblies that played a role in governance.
  3. The Rig Vedic people predominantly practiced settled agriculture.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The term ‘Gopati’ referred to the king as the protector of cattle. ✅
  • The Sabha and Samiti were important tribal assemblies involved in decision-making. ✅
  • The Rig Vedic people were primarily pastoralists, with agriculture playing a secondary role. ❌

47. Consider the following statements regarding Jainism:

  1. The five vows of Jainism include non-violence, truth, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-possession.
  2. The Digambara and Svetambara sects emerged after Mahavira’s death.
  3. Jainism rejected the concept of karma and rebirth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The five vows of Jainism (Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, and Aparigraha) are central to its philosophy. ✅
  • The Digambara (sky-clad) and Svetambara (white-clad) sects emerged after Mahavira’s death due to doctrinal differences. ✅
  • Jainism accepts the concepts of karma and rebirth, contrary to the statement. ❌

48. With reference to the Mauryan Empire, consider the following statements:

  1. The Kalinga War was fought during the reign of Bindusara.
  2. The Ashokan edicts were written in Brahmi, Kharosthi, Greek, and Aramaic scripts.
  3. Ashoka appointed Dharma Mahamatras to spread his policy of Dhamma.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Kalinga War was fought during Ashoka’s reign, not Bindusara’s. ❌
  • Ashokan edicts were written in Brahmi (India), Kharosthi (northwest), Greek, and Aramaic (Afghanistan). ✅
  • Ashoka appointed Dharma Mahamatras to propagate Dhamma across his empire. ✅

49. Consider the following statements regarding the Gupta period:

  1. The Gupta rulers issued coins in gold, silver, and copper.
  2. The Gupta administration was highly centralized like the Mauryan Empire.
  3. The concept of zero and decimal notation was fully developed during this period.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Gupta rulers issued coins in gold (Dinaras), silver, and copper. ✅
  • The Gupta Empire had a decentralized administration with feudal elements, unlike the Mauryan system. ❌
  • The concept of zero and decimal notation was fully developed during the Gupta period. ✅

50. With reference to Indian temple architecture, consider the following statements:

  1. The Nagara style temples have a curvilinear Shikhara.
  2. The Dravidian style temples have towering Vimanas and large gateways (Gopurams).
  3. The Vesara style of temple architecture is a blend of Nagara and Dravidian styles.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The Nagara style, found in North India, has a curvilinear Shikhara (tower). ✅
  • The Dravidian style, found in South India, has large Vimanas and Gopurams. ✅
  • The Vesara style is a hybrid of Nagara and Dravidian architecture, seen in Deccan temples. ✅

 

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