Indian History MCQs 19 (For UPSC PSC and other prelims exams)

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81. Consider the following statements regarding the Third Battle of Panipat (1761):

  1. It was fought between the Marathas and the Durrani Empire.
  2. The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the Marathas.
  3. It significantly weakened Maratha power in North India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only

πŸ“– Explanation:

  • The Third Battle of Panipat (1761) was fought between the Marathas and the forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani Empire) (βœ”).
  • The Marathas were defeated, not victorious (✘).
  • This defeat significantly weakened Maratha power in North India, allowing the British to expand (βœ”).

82. Who was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize?

(a) C.V. Raman
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Mother Teresa
(d) Amartya Sen

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (b) Rabindranath Tagore

πŸ“– Explanation:
Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian to receive a Nobel Prize in 1913 for his poetry collection Gitanjali.


83. Consider the following statements about the Treaty of Alinagar (1757):

  1. It was signed between the British and Mir Jafar.
  2. The treaty restored all British privileges in Bengal.
  3. It was signed before the Battle of Plassey.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

πŸ“– Explanation:

  • The Treaty of Alinagar (1757) was signed between the British and Siraj-ud-Daulah, not Mir Jafar (✘).
  • The treaty restored British privileges in Bengal (βœ”).
  • It was signed before the Battle of Plassey, paving the way for British success (βœ”).

84. Who was the first Indian ruler to adopt Western-style military reforms?

(a) Tipu Sultan
(b) Ranjit Singh
(c) Hyder Ali
(d) Mir Qasim

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (a) Tipu Sultan

πŸ“– Explanation:
Tipu Sultan of Mysore was the first Indian ruler to modernize his army by adopting Western-style military tactics, artillery, and training methods.


85. Consider the following statements regarding the First Round Table Conference (1930):

  1. It was held in London.
  2. The Indian National Congress participated in the conference.
  3. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar attended the conference.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only

πŸ“– Explanation:

  • The First Round Table Conference (1930) was held in London (βœ”).
  • The Indian National Congress boycotted the conference (✘).
  • Dr. B.R. Ambedkar attended the conference to represent Dalits (βœ”).

86. Who was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj?

(a) Dayananda Saraswati
(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(d) Swami Vivekananda

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

πŸ“– Explanation:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to promote social reforms, monotheism, and opposition to caste discrimination.


87. Consider the following statements about the Quit India Movement (1942):

  1. It was launched by Mahatma Gandhi.
  2. It called for immediate British withdrawal from India.
  3. The movement led to the immediate granting of independence to India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

πŸ“– Explanation:

  • The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 (βœ”).
  • It demanded immediate British withdrawal from India (βœ”).
  • The movement did not lead to immediate independence, but it intensified the struggle (✘).

88. Who was the first Indian to be elected as the President of the Indian National Congress?

(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) W.C. Bonnerjee
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (b) W.C. Bonnerjee

πŸ“– Explanation:
W.C. Bonnerjee was the first Indian President of the Indian National Congress in 1885, at its first session in Bombay.


89. Consider the following statements about the Government of India Act, 1935:

  1. It introduced provincial autonomy.
  2. It provided for the establishment of a federal court in India.
  3. It granted India Dominion Status.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

πŸ“– Explanation:

  • The Government of India Act, 1935 introduced provincial autonomy (βœ”).
  • It established the Federal Court of India in 1937 (βœ”).
  • It did not grant Dominion Status, which was later proposed by the Cabinet Mission Plan (✘).

90. Who introduced the land revenue system known as β€˜Ryotwari’ in India?

(a) Lord Cornwallis
(b) Thomas Munro
(c) Robert Clive
(d) Lord Dalhousie

Tap here for Answer
βœ… Answer: (b) Thomas Munro

πŸ“– Explanation:
Thomas Munro introduced the Ryotwari system in Madras Presidency, where farmers (ryots) paid land revenue directly to the British government, bypassing zamindars.

 

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