1. Who among the following was associated with the founding of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) A.O. Hume
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
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Answer: (b) A.O. Hume
📖 Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, along with Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha. It aimed to provide a platform for Indians to voice their political demands.
2. Which of the following statements about the Indus Valley Civilization is incorrect?
(a) It had a well-planned drainage system.
(b) It was primarily an agrarian society.
(c) The script of the civilization has been fully deciphered.
(d) The cities were built using baked bricks.
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Answer: (c) The script of the civilization has been fully deciphered.
📖 Explanation: The Indus Valley script remains undeciphered till date, and its meaning is still debated among scholars. The civilization had a well-planned urban layout, including a sophisticated drainage system and baked-brick houses.
3. Who among the following was the first Indian to qualify for the Indian Civil Services (ICS)?
(a) Surendranath Banerjee
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
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Answer: (a) Surendranath Banerjee
📖 Explanation: Surendranath Banerjee was the first Indian to qualify for the ICS exam in 1869, but he was later dismissed. He played a significant role in India’s nationalist movement and founded the Indian Association in 1876.
4. Which Mughal Emperor is credited with implementing the ‘Din-i-Ilahi’?
(a) Babur
(b) Humayun
(c) Akbar
(d) Aurangzeb
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Answer: (c) Akbar
📖 Explanation: Din-i-Ilahi (Religion of God) was a syncretic religious movement introduced by Emperor Akbar in 1582. It aimed at blending the best elements of various religions but failed to gain mass acceptance.
5. Which battle marked the beginning of British political dominance in India?
(a) Battle of Buxar (1764)
(b) Battle of Plassey (1757)
(c) Third Battle of Panipat (1761)
(d) Battle of Talikota (1565)
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Answer: (b) Battle of Plassey (1757)
📖 Explanation: The Battle of Plassey (1757) was fought between Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, and the British East India Company led by Robert Clive. The betrayal by Mir Jafar led to British victory, paving the way for British political control in India.
6. The Simon Commission was boycotted by Indians because:
(a) It aimed to divide Bengal
(b) It did not include any Indian members
(c) It imposed the Rowlatt Act
(d) It introduced separate electorates
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Answer: (b) It did not include any Indian members
📖 Explanation: The Simon Commission (1927) was sent by the British government to suggest constitutional reforms, but it did not include any Indian members. This led to protests under the slogan “Simon Go Back” and violent clashes, including Lala Lajpat Rai’s fatal injuries.
7. Which of the following movements was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in response to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
(a) Civil Disobedience Movement
(b) Khilafat Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
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Answer: (c) Non-Cooperation Movement
📖 Explanation: The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in response to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) and the repressive Rowlatt Act. It urged Indians to boycott British goods, institutions, and services.
8. The famous Nasik inscription, which mentions the achievements of Gautamiputra Satakarni, belongs to which dynasty?
(a) Maurya
(b) Gupta
(c) Satavahana
(d) Chola
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Answer: (c) Satavahana
📖 Explanation: The Nasik inscription, issued by Gautami Balashri, the mother of Gautamiputra Satakarni, praises his military victories over the Sakas, Yavanas, and Pahlavas. He was a prominent ruler of the Satavahana dynasty.
9. Which Governor-General is associated with the abolition of Sati in India?
(a) Lord Cornwallis
(b) Lord William Bentinck
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Wellesley
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Answer: (b) Lord William Bentinck
📖 Explanation: The practice of Sati, where a widow was forced to self-immolate on her husband’s pyre, was abolished by Lord William Bentinck in 1829, following efforts by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
10. Which of the following newspapers was started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak?
(a) The Hindu
(b) Kesari
(c) Hindustan Times
(d) Amrit Bazar Patrika
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Answer: (b) Kesari
📖 Explanation: Bal Gangadhar Tilak started the Kesari (Marathi) and Mahratta (English) newspapers to promote nationalist ideas. Kesari played a crucial role in mobilizing public opinion against British rule.
