Daily Current Affairs — 25 September 2026
Daily Current Affairs · 25 September 2026
10 fully-analysed topics · 30 bilingual MCQs · 3 embedded videos · built for UPSC Prelims & Mains
🎯 30 MCQs
🎬 3 Videos
🇮🇳 Hindi + English
Indian Polity MCQ Quiz · भारतीय राजव्यवस्था प्रश्नोत्तरी
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Economy
India's 1st Blue Bond
India is set to enter the blue finance market.
- Issuance Size and Structure: The maiden issue aims to raise a total of Rs 600 crore through 10-year debt securities
- Definition and Scope of Blue Bonds: These are specialised debt instruments
Which of the following statements about India's 1st Blue Bond is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
Sagarmala Finance Corporation Ltd (SMFCL)
Sagarmala Finance Corporation Limited (SMFCL) has been established as India's first maritime sector-specific Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) aimed at strengthening financial access across India's maritime ecosystem.
- About: SMFCL is a Mini Ratna (Category-I) Central Public Sector Undertaking (CPSU) under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways
- SMFCL provides short, medium, and long-term customized financing to stakeholders such as port authorities, shipping companies, shipbuilding
- A NBFC is a financial institution registered under the Companies Act
- Unlike banks, NBFCs do not hold a banking licence and cannot accept demand deposits (e.g., savings or current accounts).
Show 1 more facts
- NBFCs are regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under the RBI Act, 1934.
Which of the following statements about Sagarmala Finance Corporation Ltd (SMFCL) is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
Government Securities
The government has completed Government Securities (G-Sec) borrowing for the current fiscal 2023-24 and it expects a dividend from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in Financial Year 25 (FR 25), similar to FY 24.
- The government's approach to borrowing remains cautious, focusing on prudent fiscal management and ensuring borrowing aligns with the actual needs.
- The RBI transfers its surplus to the government in accordance with Section 47 (Allocation of Surplus Profits) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934
- On the expenditure side, the RBI incurs costs such as printing of currency notes, payment of interest on deposits and borrowings, salaries
- About: A G-Sec is a tradable instrument issued by the Central Government or the State Governments.
Show 6 more facts
- A G-Sec is a type of debt instrument issued by the government to borrow money from the public to finance its Fiscal Deficit
- Such securities are short-term (usually called treasury bills
- Gilt-edged securities are high-grade investment bonds offered by governments and large corporations as a means of borrowing funds.
- Treasury Bills (T-bills): Treasury bills are zero coupon securities and pay no interest
- In 2010, the Government of India, in consultation
- Dated G-Secs are securities that carry a fixed or floating coupon rate (interest rate) which is paid on the face value, on a half-yearly basis
Which of the following statements about Government Securities is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Autonomy of the Election Commission of India (ECI)
The Election Commission of India (ECI) is facing renewed scrutiny over its institutional independence and functioning.
- At the same time, the Supreme Court has referred challenges to the Chief Election Commissioner
- Article 324: Vests the superintendence, direction, and control of elections in an ECI
- The CEC can only be removed from office in a manner and on grounds similar to a judge of the Supreme Court
- To replace this interim arrangement, Parliament enacted the 2023 Act
Show 6 more facts
- Exclusion of the CJI: The most contentious aspect is the removal of the CJI from the selection panel, replacing them with a Cabinet Minister.
- Executive Dominance: The 2:1 majority in the Selection Committee (PM and Cabinet Minister) essentially gives the Executive the final say
- Perception of Bias: Critics contend that the provision may affect perceptions of institutional independence
- Critics argue that the 2023 Act fails this "perception test" (whether the ECI is seen as independent and impartial)
- Collegial Decision-Making: The ECI functions as a multi-member collegial body comprising the CEC and two ECs
- Form 6 is a statutory form framed under the Registration of Electors Rules, 1960
"An electoral institution must not only be independent but also appear to be independent." Discuss the significance of this 'perception test' for the credibility of the Election Commission of India.
With reference to Autonomy of the Election Commission of India (ECI), consider the following statements:
- At the same time, the National Green Tribunal has referred challenges to the Chief Election Commissioner
- Article 324: Vests the superintendence, direction, and control of elections in an ECI
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Election Commission of India
Recently, the Election Commissioner of India resigned from his post, just days ahead of the announcement of the Lok Sabha elections.
- About: The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering Union
- It is not concerned with the elections to panchayats and municipalities in the states
- Part XV (Article 324-329): It deals with elections and establishes a commission for these matters.
- Article 324: Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission.
Show 6 more facts
- Article 325: No person to be ineligible for inclusion in
- Article 326: Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be based on adult suffrage.
- Article 327: Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures.
- Article 328: Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature.
- Article 329: Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.
- Originally the commission had only one election commissioner but after the Election Commissioner Amendment Act 1989, it was made a multi-member body.
Which of the following statements about Election Commission of India is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
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Polity
Appointment of CEC and EC
Gyanesh Kumar has been appointed as the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) under the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Act, 2023.
- One of the members of the selection committee objected that the selection process bypassed Supreme Court (SC) guidelines in the Anoop Baranwal Case
- About: The Act replaces the Election Commission (Conditions of Service of Election Commissioners and Transaction of Business) Act
- Judicial Background: This Act followed SC intervention after several petitions challenged the Centre's exclusive power in appointing CEC and ECs
- Before the Judgement, the appointment of the CEC
Show 6 more facts
- Selection Committee: The CEC and ECs will be appointed by the President based on the recommendation of a Selection Committee consisting of: Prime
- Section 8 of the Act gives the Selection Committee the power to consider names beyond the shortlisted five.
- CEC and ECs cannot be re-appointed. If an EC becomes CEC, their total tenure cannot exceed six years.
- A CEC or EC receiving a government pension (excluding disability pension) will have their salary reduced by the amount of the pension received.
- Exclusion of CJI: The 2023 Act replaces the SC-mandated panel (PM
- Violation of Separation of Power: The Act is being challenged in SC by petitioners arguing whether Parliament has the legal authority to override or
With reference to Appointment of CEC and EC, consider the following statements:
- One of the members of the selection committee objected that the selection process bypassed High Court (SC) guidelines in the Anoop Baranwal Case
- About: The Act replaces the Election Commission (Conditions of Service of Election Commissioners and Transaction of Business) Act
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Justice Surya Kant: 53rd Chief Justice of India
Justice Surya Kant has been appointed as the 53rd Chief Justice of India (CJI), succeeding Justice Bhushan Ramkrishna(B.R) Gavai.
- Appointment: The notification was issued by the Department of Justice in the Union Law Ministry under Article 124(2) of the Constitution
- Appointment: A Supreme Court judge, including the CJI, is appointed by the President under Article 124 (2)
- The CJI can only be removed by the President after an address by Parliament, supported by a special majority in both Houses.
Which of the following statements about Justice Surya Kant: 53rd Chief Justice of India is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Electors Photo Identity Card Number
West Bengal Chief Minister has accused the Election Commission of India (ECI) of facilitating voter duplication by allowing the same Electors Photo.
- The ECI has denied any electoral malpractice, attributing the issue to legacy data errors before the introduction of ERONET (Electoral Roll
- About: The EPIC number, introduced in 1993 under the Registration of Electors Rules, 1960, is a 10-digit alphanumeric voter ID number issued by the
- Issuance and Digital Management: The EPIC number is generated via ERONET
- A mismatch in EPIC records could lead to voter disenfranchisement or manipulation.
Show 2 more facts
- The ECI assured that ERONET 2.0 would be updated to eliminate duplicate EPIC numbers.
- EVM (Electronic Voting Machine) is a device used to electronically record and count votes in elections
With reference to Electors Photo Identity Card Number, consider the following statements:
- The ECI has denied any electoral malpractice, attributing the issue to legacy data errors before the introduction of ERONET (Electoral Roll
- About: The EPIC number, introduced in 1993 under the Registration of Electors Rules, 1960, is a 6-digit alphanumeric voter ID number issued by the
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Comptroller and Auditor General of India
K Sanjay Murthy has been appointed as the new Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India, succeeding Girish Chandra Murmu.
- About: The CAG of India, as per Article 148 of the Constitution, heads the Indian Audit and Accounts Department (IA-AD)
- CAG of India is governed by the Comptroller and Auditor-General's (Duties
- CAG removal is possible by the President on the same grounds and process as a Supreme Court judge
- CAG can resign any time from his office by addressing the resignation letter to the president.
Show 6 more facts
- The CAG is ineligible for any further office under the Government of India or any state after leaving office.
- The Parliament determines the CAG's salary, which is equal to that of a Supreme Court judge.
- The CAG's administrative expenses, including salaries, allowances
- No minister can represent the CAG in Parliament or take responsibility for his actions.
- The CAG provides a certificate on the net proceeds of taxes and duties, and audits transactions related to debt, advances, and suspense accounts.
- The CAG submits audit reports to the President, who places them before Parliament. These reports are then examined by the Public Accounts Committee.
Which of the following statements about Comptroller and Auditor General of India is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Defence
MoD Signs Contract for SAT-SAAW Glide Bombs for IAF
Recently, the Ministry of Defence signed a contract.
- About SAT-SAAW: SAT-SAAW is an air-to-ground precision-guided glide bomb designed to neutralise enemy airfields from long stand-off ranges
- Platform Compatibility: The weapon can be launched from Jaguar fighter aircraft, Hawk advanced jet trainers and Su-30MKI fighter aircraft.
- Indigenous Development: The system has been designed and developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
With reference to MoD Signs Contract for SAT-SAAW Glide Bombs for IAF, consider the following statements:
- About SAT-SAAW: SAT-SAAW is an air-to-ground precision-guided glide bomb designed to neutralise enemy airfields from long stand-off ranges
- Platform Compatibility: The weapon must be launched from Jaguar fighter aircraft, Hawk advanced jet trainers and Su-30MKI fighter aircraft
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Indian History MCQ Quiz · भारतीय इतिहास प्रश्नोत्तरी
A second members-only subject quiz – lock in today's study session
Current affairs alone will not clear Prelims. Close the day on the static syllabus with this members-only quiz.
