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Current Affairs MCQs | 11 July 2025 | UPSC PSC SSC

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1. Admiralty (Jurisdiction & Settlement of Maritime Claims) Act, 2017

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the Admiralty (Jurisdiction and Settlement of Maritime Claims) Act, 2017:
निम्नलिखित में से कौन से कथन 2017 के एडमिरल्टी (न्याय क्षेत्र और समुद्री दावों के निपटान) अधिनियम के बारे में सही हैं?

  1. The Act confers admiralty jurisdiction to all High Courts in India.
    अधिनियम भारत के सभी उच्च न्यायालयों को एडमिरल्टी क्षेत्राधिकार प्रदान करता है।
  2. It allows for arrest of a vessel to secure satisfaction of a maritime claim.
    यह समुद्री दावे की संतुष्टि को सुरक्षित करने के लिए पोत की गिरफ्तारी की अनुमति देता है।
  3. The Act applies to all vessels including warships and inland vessels.
    यह अधिनियम युद्धपोतों और अंतर्देशीय जहाजों सहित सभी जहाजों पर लागू होता है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 2 and 3 only

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) 2 only

Why in News:
Kerala High Court recently ordered conditional arrest of the Liberian container ship MSC Akiteta II under Section 4 of the Act.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: The Act confers admiralty jurisdiction to eight High Courts only — not all.
  • Statement 2 is correct: The arrest of a vessel is a remedy under the Act to ensure satisfaction of the maritime claim.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: The Act does not apply to inland vessels, warships, or vessels used for non-commercial purposes.

2. Bulgaria

Q2. Which of the following countries share a border with Bulgaria?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन से देश बुल्गारिया की सीमा से लगे हुए हैं?

  1. Romania
    रोमानिया
  2. Ukraine
    यूक्रेन
  3. Turkey
    तुर्की
  4. Serbia
    सर्बिया

Options विकल्प:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) 1, 3 and 4 only

Why in News:
Bulgaria received the final approval to adopt the euro from January 1, 2026, becoming the 21st member of the Eurozone.

Explanation:

  • Bulgaria shares borders with Romania (north), Turkey and Greece (south), Serbia (west) and North Macedonia (southwest).
  • Ukraine does not share a border with Bulgaria.
    Hence, options 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

 

3. AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) Dating

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding AMS Dating:
AMS डेटिंग के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए:

  1. AMS dating is used for precise carbon dating of archaeological samples.
    एएमएस डेटिंग का उपयोग पुरातात्विक नमूनों की सटीक कार्बन डेटिंग के लिए किया जाता है।
  2. It requires larger sample sizes compared to conventional radiocarbon dating.
    यह पारंपरिक रेडियोकार्बन डेटिंग की तुलना में बड़े नमूना आकार की आवश्यकता होती है।
  3. It can measure rare isotopes like Carbon-14 even in very small quantities.
    यह बहुत ही कम मात्रा में कार्बन-14 जैसे दुर्लभ समस्थानिकों को माप सकता है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: a) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
AMS Dating helped researchers discover that stone tools in Tamil Nadu’s Krishnagiri district date back nearly 3,500 years.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: AMS is a powerful technique for precise radiocarbon dating, especially useful in archaeology.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: One of the key advantages of AMS is that it requires much smaller samples than conventional radiocarbon dating.
  • Statement 3 is correct: AMS directly counts rare isotopes like Carbon-14, allowing accurate analysis even of minute organic remains.

4. Coartem Baby (Malaria Treatment)

Q4. What is the primary use of Coartem Baby, recently approved by WHO?
हाल ही में WHO द्वारा अनुमोदित ‘Coartem Baby’ का मुख्य उपयोग क्या है?

a) A pediatric vaccine for Dengue fever
b) A probiotic formulation for childhood diarrhea
c) A fixed-dose antimalarial drug for infants
d) A nasal spray to prevent respiratory syncytial virus

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) A fixed-dose antimalarial drug for infants

Why in News:
WHO prequalified Coartem Baby, the first dispersible pediatric formulation of artemisinin-based malaria treatment.

Explanation:

  • Coartem Baby is a fixed-dose combination of artemether and lumefantrine, designed specifically for infants and children weighing under 5 kg.
  • This prequalification by WHO is significant because it enables wider global procurement for low-resource settings.
  • It is not a vaccine or probiotic, and has no role in respiratory infections.

 

5. Mahi River

Q5. Consider the following statements about Mahi River:
माही नदी के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It is one of the few Indian rivers that crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice.
    यह उन कुछ भारतीय नदियों में से एक है जो कर्क रेखा को दो बार पार करती है।
  2. Mahi River originates in Madhya Pradesh and ends in Gujarat.
    माही नदी मध्य प्रदेश में उत्पन्न होती है और गुजरात में समाप्त होती है।
  3. It flows through only two Indian states.
    यह केवल दो भारतीय राज्यों से होकर बहती है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1 and 2 only

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: d) 1 and 2 only

Why in News:
The Mahi River is gaining attention due to extreme weather events affecting its catchment areas and its unique geophysical path.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Mahi is indeed among the rare rivers in India that crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice, a significant geographic fact.
  • Statement 2 is correct: The river originates from Madhya Pradesh, flows through Rajasthan, and finally enters Gujarat before merging into the Arabian Sea.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: It flows through three states – Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat.

6. BIND Scheme

Q6. What is the primary objective of the BIND Scheme implemented by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting?
सूचना और प्रसारण मंत्रालय द्वारा लागू की गई ‘BIND योजना’ का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?

a) Promote digital education in rural schools
b) Digitize records of India’s historical archives
c) Modernize printing presses of private media houses
d) Upgrade infrastructure of Prasar Bharati broadcasting services

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: d) Upgrade infrastructure of Prasar Bharati broadcasting services

Why in News:
The BIND Scheme has been extended with additional funding to modernize All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan facilities.

Explanation:

  • The Broadcasting Infrastructure and Network Development (BIND) scheme focuses on technological upgradation, including studios, transmitters, digital platforms, and disaster-warning systems.
  • It does not support private media, nor is it related to digital education or historical archives.
  • It directly benefits Prasar Bharati, which runs DD and AIR.

7. SEPECAT Jaguar

Q7. Consider the following statements regarding SEPECAT Jaguar aircraft:
SEPECAT जगुआर विमान के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It was originally developed by a joint Anglo-French venture.
    इसे मूल रूप से एक संयुक्त एंग्लो-फ्रांसीसी उद्यम द्वारा विकसित किया गया था।
  2. It is a long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft.
    यह एक लंबी दूरी की समुद्री टोही विमान है।
  3. The Indian Air Force has inducted it for deep penetration strike roles.
    भारतीय वायुसेना ने इसे गहरी पैठ वाले हमलों के लिए शामिल किया है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
Jaguar aircraft were showcased during recent IAF tactical exercises, demonstrating their continued operational relevance.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: The Jaguar was co-developed by Britain and France via SEPECAT.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: It is primarily a ground-attack aircraft, not designed for maritime reconnaissance.
  • Statement 3 is correct: India uses Jaguars for deep penetration strike missions, including nuclear delivery roles.

5. Mahi River

Q5. Consider the following statements about Mahi River:
माही नदी के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It is one of the few Indian rivers that crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice.
    यह उन कुछ भारतीय नदियों में से एक है जो कर्क रेखा को दो बार पार करती है।
  2. Mahi River originates in Madhya Pradesh and ends in Gujarat.
    माही नदी मध्य प्रदेश में उत्पन्न होती है और गुजरात में समाप्त होती है।
  3. It flows through only two Indian states.
    यह केवल दो भारतीय राज्यों से होकर बहती है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1 and 2 only

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: d) 1 and 2 only

Why in News:
The Mahi River is gaining attention due to extreme weather events affecting its catchment areas and its unique geophysical path.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Mahi is indeed among the rare rivers in India that crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice, a significant geographic fact.
  • Statement 2 is correct: The river originates from Madhya Pradesh, flows through Rajasthan, and finally enters Gujarat before merging into the Arabian Sea.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: It flows through three states – Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat.

6. BIND Scheme

Q6. What is the primary objective of the BIND Scheme implemented by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting?
सूचना और प्रसारण मंत्रालय द्वारा लागू की गई ‘BIND योजना’ का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?

a) Promote digital education in rural schools
b) Digitize records of India’s historical archives
c) Modernize printing presses of private media houses
d) Upgrade infrastructure of Prasar Bharati broadcasting services

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: d) Upgrade infrastructure of Prasar Bharati broadcasting services

Why in News:
The BIND Scheme has been extended with additional funding to modernize All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan facilities.

Explanation:

  • The Broadcasting Infrastructure and Network Development (BIND) scheme focuses on technological upgradation, including studios, transmitters, digital platforms, and disaster-warning systems.
  • It does not support private media, nor is it related to digital education or historical archives.
  • It directly benefits Prasar Bharati, which runs DD and AIR.

7. SEPECAT Jaguar

Q7. Consider the following statements regarding SEPECAT Jaguar aircraft:
SEPECAT जगुआर विमान के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It was originally developed by a joint Anglo-French venture.
    इसे मूल रूप से एक संयुक्त एंग्लो-फ्रांसीसी उद्यम द्वारा विकसित किया गया था।
  2. It is a long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft.
    यह एक लंबी दूरी की समुद्री टोही विमान है।
  3. The Indian Air Force has inducted it for deep penetration strike roles.
    भारतीय वायुसेना ने इसे गहरी पैठ वाले हमलों के लिए शामिल किया है।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
Jaguar aircraft were showcased during recent IAF tactical exercises, demonstrating their continued operational relevance.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: The Jaguar was co-developed by Britain and France via SEPECAT.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: It is primarily a ground-attack aircraft, not designed for maritime reconnaissance.
  • Statement 3 is correct: India uses Jaguars for deep penetration strike missions, including nuclear delivery roles.

 

8. Battery Passport

Q8. What is the primary function of a Battery Passport as recently adopted under global climate standards?
हाल ही में वैश्विक जलवायु मानकों के तहत अपनाए गए “बैटरी पासपोर्ट” का मुख्य कार्य क्या है?

a) Certifying battery quality for export
b) Tracking carbon footprint and raw material sourcing of batteries
c) Providing warranty details for electric vehicles
d) Enabling GPS location of EV batteries

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) Tracking carbon footprint and raw material sourcing of batteries

Why in News:
The Battery Passport initiative was launched globally to ensure transparency and sustainability in EV battery manufacturing, especially for lithium-ion batteries.

Explanation:

  • The Battery Passport serves as a digital record that stores information such as origin of raw materials, carbon emissions, recyclability, and environmental impact of the battery.
  • It aims to reduce greenwashing and help regulators and consumers track sustainable production.
  • It is aligned with global climate goals, especially for countries pushing for clean mobility.

9. INS Nistar

Q9. Which of the following statements about INS Nistar are correct?
INS निस्तार के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन से कथन सही हैं?

  1. It is India’s first dedicated Submarine Rescue Vessel (DSRV).
    यह भारत का पहला समर्पित पनडुब्बी बचाव पोत (DSRV) है।
  2. It was built indigenously by Hindustan Shipyard Ltd (HSL).
    इसे हिंदुस्तान शिपयार्ड लिमिटेड (HSL) द्वारा स्वदेशी रूप से निर्मित किया गया था।
  3. It has deep-submergence capabilities and will operate under Eastern Naval Command.
    इसमें गहराई तक उतरने की क्षमता है और यह ईस्टर्न नेवल कमांड के अधीन संचालित होगा।

Options विकल्प:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: d) 1, 2 and 3

Why in News:
INS Nistar was recently inducted into the Indian Navy, marking a critical milestone in submarine rescue capabilities for the Eastern Naval Command.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: INS Nistar is India’s first DSRV-class vessel meant for rescuing distressed submarines.
  • Statement 2 is correct: It has been indigenously built by HSL under the ‘Make in India’ initiative.
  • Statement 3 is correct: It possesses deep submergence rescue gear and is placed under Eastern Naval Command based in Visakhapatnam.

10. ATAGS (Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System)

Q10. What is true about the Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS) recently inducted into Indian Army trials?
हाल ही में भारतीय सेना में परीक्षण के लिए शामिल किए गए “एटीएजीएस (ATAGS)” के बारे में क्या सही है?

a) It is a naval missile system for warships
b) It is a 155mm, 52-calibre indigenous artillery gun system
c) It was developed by DRDO in collaboration with Russia
d) It is only capable of firing in a 25-km range

Answer उत्तर:

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) It is a 155mm, 52-calibre indigenous artillery gun system

Why in News:
The Indian Army has begun user trials and pre-induction procedures of ATAGS, aiming to replace older artillery platforms like the Bofors.

Explanation:

  • The ATAGS is a 155mm x 52 calibre gun developed by DRDO in collaboration with Bharat Forge and TATA Advanced Systems.
  • It boasts a range of 48 km, electronic aiming, and automated shell handling.
  • It is not a naval system and was not developed with Russia.

 

 

 

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