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MCQ 1: Tokara Islands

Q1. Consider the following statements about the Tokara Islands:
टोकारा द्वीपसमूह के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. They lie between Kyushu and the Amami Islands in Japan.
    ये जापान में क्यूशू और अमामी द्वीपों के बीच स्थित हैं।
  2. Nakanoshima is the southernmost and least populated island in the group.
    नाकानोशिमा इस समूह का सबसे दक्षिणी और सबसे कम जनसंख्या वाला द्वीप है।
  3. These islands are among the most seismically active regions in the world.
    ये द्वीप दुनिया के सबसे भूकंपीय रूप से सक्रिय क्षेत्रों में से हैं।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
Over 1,000 earthquakes have been recorded in the Tokara Islands over the past two weeks, highlighting their seismic sensitivity.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Tokara Islands lie south of Kyushu and north of the Amami Islands in Japan.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Nakanoshima is not the southernmost, but the largest island by area and population.
  • Statement 3 is correct: These islands lie in one of the most seismically active zones in the world.

MCQ 2: Gini Index

Q2. Which of the following correctly explains the Gini Index?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन गिनी सूचकांक को सही रूप से समझाता है?

a) It measures a country’s GDP per capita.
यह देश की प्रति व्यक्ति जीडीपी को मापता है।
b) It quantifies the literacy rate among rural populations.
यह ग्रामीण जनसंख्या के बीच साक्षरता दर को मापता है।
c) It measures income inequality across a nation’s population.
यह देश की जनसंख्या में आय असमानता को मापता है।
d) It evaluates environmental sustainability indicators.
यह पर्यावरणीय स्थिरता संकेतकों का मूल्यांकन करता है।

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) It measures income inequality across a nation’s population.

Why in News:
As per a recent World Bank report, India has achieved a Gini Index of 25.5, ranking as the 4th most equal country globally, ahead of all G7 and G20 nations.

Explanation:

  • The Gini Index is a measure of income inequality within a country.
  • A Gini coefficient of 0 indicates perfect equality, and 1 (or 100%) represents perfect inequality.
  • India’s score of 25.5 reflects significant progress toward equitable income distribution.

 


MCQ 3: Onge Tribe

Q3. Consider the following statements about the Onge Tribe:
ओंगे जनजाति के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. They are one of the most primitive tribes of India and belong to the Negrito racial group.
    वे भारत की सबसे प्राचीन जनजातियों में से एक हैं और नेग्रिटो नस्लीय समूह से संबंधित हैं।
  2. They were permanently settled in Dugong Creek in 1976.
    उन्हें 1976 में डुगोंग क्रीक में स्थायी रूप से बसाया गया था।
  3. They predominantly reside in Great Nicobar Island.
    वे मुख्य रूप से ग्रेट निकोबार द्वीप में निवास करते हैं।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: a) 1 and 2 only

Why in News:
A Van Dhan Vikas Kendra was recently inaugurated at Dugong Creek for the Onge Tribe under the PM-JANMAN Abhiyan.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Onges are classified as a primitive tribe belonging to the Negrito racial stock.
  • Statement 2 is correct: They were settled in Dugong Creek (Little Andaman) in 1976 for hygienic and security purposes.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: They reside in Little Andaman, not Great Nicobar Island.

MCQ 4: Nipah Virus

Q4. Which of the following correctly describes the Nipah Virus?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन निपाह वायरस का सही वर्णन करता है?

a) It is a bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs.
यह एक जीवाणुजनित रोग है जो मुख्य रूप से फेफड़ों को प्रभावित करता है।
b) It is a zoonotic virus transmitted from fruit bats with high fatality rates.
यह एक जूनोटिक वायरस है जो फलों के चमगादड़ों से फैलता है और मृत्यु दर अधिक होती है।
c) It is a water-borne virus found in coastal aquaculture regions.
यह एक जलजनित वायरस है जो तटीय जलीय कृषि क्षेत्रों में पाया जाता है।
d) It is a food poisoning virus spread through contaminated vegetables.
यह दूषित सब्जियों के माध्यम से फैलने वाला फूड पॉइजनिंग वायरस है।

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) It is a zoonotic virus transmitted from fruit bats with high fatality rates.

Why in News:
The Kerala Health Minister confirmed that over 425 people have been put on the Nipah virus contact list amid rising cases.

Explanation:

  • Nipah Virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus carried by fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family.
  • It has a case fatality rate of 40–75%, causes encephalitis, and there is no approved vaccine available yet.
  • It spreads through animal contact, contaminated food, or human-to-human transmission.

 


MCQ 5: 3 by 35 Initiative

Q5. With reference to the “3 by 35” initiative launched by WHO, consider the following statements:
WHO द्वारा शुरू की गई “3 by 35” पहल के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It aims to increase health taxes on tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks by at least 35% by 2035.
    इसका उद्देश्य 2035 तक तंबाकू, शराब और मीठे पेयों पर स्वास्थ्य कर को कम से कम 35% तक बढ़ाना है।
  2. It aims to generate $1 trillion over the next 10 years through such taxes.
    इसका उद्देश्य अगले 10 वर्षों में ऐसे करों के माध्यम से $1 ट्रिलियन जुटाना है।
  3. The initiative is led by the World Bank in collaboration with WHO.
    यह पहल विश्व बैंक और WHO के सहयोग से संचालित की जा रही है।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 2 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: a) 2 only

Why in News:
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently launched the 3 by 35 Initiative to promote public health and raise revenues through health taxes.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: It calls for a minimum 50% increase in the real prices of tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks, not 35%.
  • Statement 2 is correct: It aims to raise $1 trillion over the next 10 years through health taxation.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: It is led solely by WHO, not by the World Bank.

MCQ 6: Alluri Sitaram Raju

Q6. Alluri Sitaram Raju is associated with which of the following movements?
अल्लूरी सीताराम राजू निम्नलिखित में से किस आंदोलन से जुड़े हुए थे?

a) Khilafat Movement
b) Rampa Rebellion
c) Tebhaga Movement
d) Moplah Rebellion

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) Rampa Rebellion

Why in News:
The Defence Minister recently praised Alluri Sitaram Raju’s ideals, drawing parallels with the appointment of President Droupadi Murmu.

Explanation:

  • Alluri Sitaram Raju led the Rampa Rebellion of 1922 against the British, protesting the Madras Forest Act of 1882 which restricted tribal rights.
  • He used guerrilla warfare, earning the title “Manyam Veerudu” (Hero of the Jungle).
  • He was eventually captured and executed in 1924.

 


MCQ 7: Equine Disease-Free Compartment

Q7. Consider the following statements regarding the Equine Disease-Free Compartment (EDFC):
इक्वाइन डिज़ीज़-फ्री कॉम्पार्टमेंट (EDFC) के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. It is recognized by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH).
    इसे विश्व पशु स्वास्थ्य संगठन (WOAH) द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त है।
  2. The first EDFC in India has been set up in Pune under the Ministry of Environment.
    भारत में पहला EDFC पुणे में पर्यावरण मंत्रालय के तहत स्थापित किया गया है।
  3. It facilitates international movement of Indian sport horses by ensuring disease-free certification.
    यह भारतीय खेल घोड़ों की अंतरराष्ट्रीय आवाजाही को बीमारी-मुक्त प्रमाणन के माध्यम से सक्षम बनाता है।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: a) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
India has established its first-ever Equine Disease-Free Compartment at Meerut, which received global recognition.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: EDFC is recognized by WOAH (World Organisation for Animal Health).
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: It is set up in Meerut Cantonment (Uttar Pradesh), not Pune, and under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, not Environment Ministry.
  • Statement 3 is correct: EDFC ensures horses are disease-free, thus enabling their international movement for sport and trade.

MCQ 8: Very Massive Stars

Q8. Which of the following best describes the lifecycle and role of Very Massive Stars?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा बहुत विशाल तारों के जीवनचक्र और भूमिका का सबसे अच्छा वर्णन करता है?

a) They have long lifespans and transform into white dwarfs.
b) They emit weak stellar winds and have no role in black hole formation.
c) They collapse into black holes after a short lifespan and can contribute to gravitational waves.
d) They never undergo nuclear fusion due to lack of mass.

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) They collapse into black holes after a short lifespan and can contribute to gravitational waves.

Why in News:
A recent study revealed that very massive stars emit much more material than previously believed, influencing their surroundings significantly.

Explanation:

  • These stars are 100+ times more massive than the Sun.
  • They have short lifespans, lasting only a few million years due to rapid consumption of nuclear fuel.
  • They emit powerful stellar winds, enriching space with life-forming elements like carbon and oxygen.
  • After collapse, they often become black holes, and in binary systems, they can produce gravitational waves.

MCQ 9: Chautal

Q9. With reference to the Chautal rhythm in Indian classical music, consider the following statements:
भारतीय शास्त्रीय संगीत में चौताल ताल के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. Chautal is a 12-beat rhythmic cycle associated with the Dhrupad tradition.
    चौताल एक 12 मात्रा वाला ताल चक्र है जो ध्रुपद परंपरा से जुड़ा है।
  2. It is commonly played on the tabla and uses a delicate rhythmic style.
    इसे सामान्यतः तबले पर बजाया जाता है और यह कोमल ताल शैली का उपयोग करता है।
  3. The pakhawaj is traditionally used to perform Chautal.
    पखावज पारंपरिक रूप से चौताल बजाने के लिए प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: c) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
Chautal was recently performed during the Prime Minister’s welcome in Trinidad and Tobago, showcasing India’s traditional music.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Chautal is a 12-beat cycle used in Dhrupad and Dhamar styles.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Chautal is not played on tabla commonly, and it has a powerful, heavy style unlike the delicate tabla rhythm.
  • Statement 3 is correct: It is traditionally performed on pakhawaj, not tabla.

MCQ 10: Green Climate Fund

Q10. Consider the following statements about the Green Climate Fund (GCF):
ग्रीन क्लाइमेट फंड (GCF) के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

  1. GCF was established at COP 16 in Cancun and is the world’s largest dedicated climate fund.
    GCF की स्थापना कैंकून में COP 16 में की गई थी और यह विश्व का सबसे बड़ा समर्पित जलवायु कोष है।
  2. It supports only mitigation efforts, not adaptation in climate projects.
    यह केवल शमन (mitigation) प्रयासों का समर्थन करता है, अनुकूलन (adaptation) का नहीं।
  3. The GCF Secretariat is located in Songdo, South Korea.
    GCF सचिवालय सोंगडो, दक्षिण कोरिया में स्थित है।

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Tap here for Answer
Answer: b) 1 and 3 only

Why in News:
The Green Climate Fund recently approved $120 million in climate funding for Ghana, Maldives, and Mauritania.

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: GCF was established at COP 16 (2010, Cancun) and is the largest global climate fund.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: GCF supports both mitigation and adaptation, with equal allocation (50% each).
  • Statement 3 is correct: GCF Secretariat is located in Songdo, South Korea.

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