Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India
🟠 Topic 33: Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India
1️⃣ Make in India
📌 Introduction
Launched in 2014, Make in India is the flagship initiative of the Government of India to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It aims to boost investment, foster innovation, enhance skill development, and build world-class infrastructure to make India the preferred destination for manufacturing and investment.
🔹 Objectives of Make in India
✔️ Increase manufacturing sector contribution to GDP to 25%.
✔️ Attract FDI in manufacturing sectors.
✔️ Improve Ease of Doing Business (EoDB).
✔️ Promote innovation and technology adoption.
✔️ Generate employment opportunities in manufacturing.
🔹 Key Sectors Covered
25 sectors were identified initially, including:
- Automobiles
- Textiles and Garments
- Aviation
- Pharmaceuticals
- Renewable Energy
- Electronics
- Defense Manufacturing
🔹 Key Initiatives under Make in India
| Initiative | Focus |
|---|---|
| FDI Liberalization | Automatic route for FDI in 100% in key sectors |
| Single-Window Clearance | Online approvals via Make in India portal |
| Skill Development | Sector-specific skilling under Skill India Mission |
| Industrial Corridors | DMIC, Chennai-Bengaluru Corridor for infrastructure |
| Incentives | Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes for electronics, pharma, etc. |
🔹 Achievements
- FDI inflows (2014-23) exceeded $600 billion.
- Global companies set up manufacturing hubs (e.g., Apple, Samsung, Boeing).
- Manufacturing contribution to GDP increased, though still short of 25% target.
🔹 Challenges
1️⃣ Land Acquisition Delays
2️⃣ Labour Law Complexity
3️⃣ High Logistics Costs
4️⃣ Global Competition (Vietnam, Bangladesh)
5️⃣ Skilled Workforce Shortage
2️⃣ Start-up India
📌 Introduction
Launched in 2016, Start-up India aims to build a strong ecosystem for innovation and startups, driving sustainable economic growth and generating large-scale employment opportunities.
🔹 Definition of Start-up (Under Start-up India)
| Criteria | Eligibility |
|---|---|
| Age of Entity | Not exceeding 10 years |
| Turnover | Less than ₹100 crore per year |
| Innovation | Should be working on innovation, improvement, or development of products/processes/services |
🔹 Key Components of Start-up India
| Component | Features |
|---|---|
| Simplified Compliance | Self-certification for labour & environment laws |
| Tax Exemption | 3-year tax holiday for eligible startups |
| Fund of Funds | ₹10,000 crore corpus to fund venture capital |
| Start-up Hub | Single-window platform for all startup needs |
| IPR Support | Fast-track patent filing, 80% fee rebate |
🔹 Start-up India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS)
- Provides up to ₹50 lakh for proof of concept, prototype development, product trials.
- Focus on tech-based innovations.
🔹 Current Status
| Indicator | Number |
|---|---|
| Recognized Startups (2023) | 1 lakh+ |
| Jobs Created | 10 lakh+ |
| Unicorn Startups (2023) | 110+ (valuation over $1 billion) |
🔹 Achievements
✔️ India ranks 3rd globally in startup ecosystem.
✔️ Growth in Fintech, Edtech, Healthtech, Agritech sectors.
✔️ Global investment from funds like SoftBank, Sequoia, Tiger Global.
🔹 Challenges
1️⃣ Funding Gaps at Early Stages
2️⃣ Regulatory Bottlenecks (Data privacy, IP laws)
3️⃣ Limited Market Access for Rural Startups
4️⃣ High Failure Rate (over 80% startups fail in 5 years)
5️⃣ Dependence on Foreign Funding
3️⃣ Stand-up India
📌 Introduction
Launched in 2016, Stand-up India focuses on promoting entrepreneurship among SC/ST and women entrepreneurs, ensuring inclusive development.
🔹 Objectives of Stand-up India
✔️ Facilitate bank loans between ₹10 lakh to ₹1 crore to SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.
✔️ Promote Greenfield Enterprises (new businesses in manufacturing, services, or trading).
✔️ Encourage financial inclusion and economic empowerment.
🔹 Key Features
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Bank Branch Coverage | Each bank branch to provide at least 2 loans (1 for SC/ST, 1 for women) |
| Collateral-Free Loans | Covered under Credit Guarantee Scheme |
| Handholding Support | Through Stand-up Connect Centres |
| Online Portal | End-to-end facilitation via standupmitra.in |
🔹 Achievements (2023)
| Indicator | Number |
|---|---|
| Loans Disbursed | ₹40,000+ crore |
| Beneficiaries | 1.5 lakh+ |
| Women Beneficiaries | 80% |
🔹 Challenges
1️⃣ Awareness Deficit – Many eligible entrepreneurs unaware of scheme.
2️⃣ Limited Capacity Building – Need for business mentoring & skill development.
3️⃣ Risk Aversion by Banks – Low risk appetite for loans to first-time entrepreneurs.
4️⃣ Market Linkages – Lack of access to stable markets for products.
Combined Role of All Three Schemes
| Scheme | Focus Area |
|---|---|
| Make in India | Boosting manufacturing & infrastructure |
| Start-up India | Promoting innovation & new ventures |
| Stand-up India | Empowering SC/ST & women entrepreneurs |
📊 Summary Comparison Table
| Parameter | Make in India | Start-up India | Stand-up India |
|---|---|---|---|
| Target Sector | Manufacturing | All sectors | Manufacturing, Services, Trading |
| Beneficiary | All investors | Innovative startups | SC/ST & Women entrepreneurs |
| Key Focus | Industrial growth | Innovation ecosystem | Inclusive entrepreneurship |
| Funding | FDI & domestic investors | Fund of Funds, venture capital | Bank loans (₹10 lakh to ₹1 crore) |
📚 Practice MCQ
1️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding Make in India:
- It aims to increase manufacturing sector contribution to GDP to 25%.
- It focuses only on public sector industries.
- It covers sectors like defense, textiles, and pharmaceuticals.
Which of the above statements are correct?
✅ Options:
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2, and 3
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 2 only
2️⃣ Which scheme promotes inclusive entrepreneurship for SC/ST and women entrepreneurs?
✅ Options:
(a) Make in India
(b) Start-up India
(c) Stand-up India
(d) Skill India
3️⃣ Consider the following statements about Start-up India:
- It provides a 3-year tax holiday for eligible startups.
- Only tech startups are eligible under the scheme.
- The scheme offers IPR facilitation support.
Which of the above statements are correct?
✅ Options:
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2, and 3
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 2 only
