India’s Foreign Policy & Strategic Alliances (2025)

4️⃣7️⃣ India’s Foreign Policy & Strategic Alliances (2025) 🌍🤝

🔹 Introduction

India’s foreign policy in 2025 is shaped by its regional security concerns, economic diplomacy, and global strategic realignments. With a focus on multipolarity, trade alliances, and defense partnerships, India is strengthening its global position through initiatives like Act East Policy, Indo-Pacific Strategy, and Global South Leadership.

However, geopolitical tensions with China and Pakistan, energy security challenges, and balancing relations between the US, Russia, and the EU remain key concerns. India’s membership in BRICS+, G20, and the Quad continues to influence its foreign policy decisions.

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🔹 Key Developments in India’s Foreign Policy (2025)

✅ India’s Leadership in the Global South 🌏

• India expands engagement with African, Latin American, and ASEAN nations.
• Strategic focus on food security, energy partnerships, and climate finance.
• Global South Summit held in New Delhi to address economic inequalities.

✅ Indo-Pacific & QUAD Cooperation ⚓

• India strengthens naval exercises under the Quad (India, US, Japan, Australia).
• Strategic investments in Indo-Pacific connectivity and supply chain diversification.
• Expansion of India’s blue economy initiatives with island nations in the Indian Ocean.

✅ BRICS+ & Economic Realignments 💰

• BRICS+ (expanded group) includes new members like Saudi Arabia and UAE.
• India-Russia trade continues despite global sanctions, focusing on energy and defense.
• India and the EU sign a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA).

✅ Challenges in India’s Foreign Policy ⚠️

• Border tensions with China in the Ladakh region.
• Strategic dilemma in balancing ties with the US and Russia.
• Uncertainty in global energy markets affecting India’s import costs.

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📌 Advanced 3-Statement-Based MCQs on India’s Foreign Policy (2025)

1️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s Indo-Pacific strategy:

1. India’s Indo-Pacific policy focuses on maritime security, economic connectivity, and regional stability.
2. India has formally joined AUKUS as a key defense ally in the Indo-Pacific.
3. India’s Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) promotes sustainable blue economy development.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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2️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s role in BRICS+:

1. India has supported the expansion of BRICS to include new member countries.
2. BRICS+ is emerging as an alternative to Western financial institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
3. India has shifted its trade completely away from BRICS nations to focus on Western markets.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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3️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s strategic partnerships:

1. India has signed a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the European Union.
2. The US-India strategic partnership includes cooperation in AI, space, and critical minerals.
3. India has permanently suspended all defense imports from Russia in favor of Western suppliers.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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4️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s role in the Global South:

1. India has established a dedicated fund to support infrastructure development in African and Latin American nations.
2. The Global South Summit in New Delhi focused on reducing economic disparities between developing and developed countries.
3. India has withdrawn from the Global South bloc to prioritize trade with developed economies.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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5️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s border security and defense strategy:

1. India has deployed advanced surveillance drones along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China.
2. The S-400 missile defense system acquired from Russia is now fully operational across India’s borders.
3. India has officially signed a military alliance agreement with NATO for joint defense operations.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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🚀 Conclusion

India’s foreign policy is balancing regional security, economic diplomacy, and strategic partnerships. However, geopolitical tensions, energy security challenges, and defense realignments remain key concerns. With a stronger role in the Indo-Pacific, BRICS+, and the Global South, India is shaping global politics while maintaining its strategic autonomy.