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Indian History MCQs 77 (For UPSC PSC and other prelims exams)

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71. Consider the following statements regarding the Kargil War (1999):

  1. It was fought between India and Pakistan in the Kargil sector of Jammu and Kashmir.
  2. The war ended with the signing of the Simla Agreement.
  3. The conflict exposed Pakistan’s involvement in cross-border terrorism.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The Kargil War took place in 1999 between India and Pakistan in the Kargil region. ✅
  • It ended with India regaining occupied positions, not with the Simla Agreement (which was signed in 1972). ❌
  • The conflict highlighted Pakistan’s involvement in cross-border terrorism. ✅

72. With reference to the Pokhran-II nuclear tests (1998), consider the following statements:

  1. The tests were conducted under the leadership of Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
  2. India officially declared itself a nuclear weapons state after the tests.
  3. The tests led to economic sanctions by several Western countries.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

📖 Explanation:

  • The Pokhran-II tests were conducted in May 1998 under PM Vajpayee. ✅
  • India declared itself a nuclear weapons state after the tests. ✅
  • The tests led to economic sanctions by the US and other Western nations. ✅

73. Consider the following statements regarding the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005:

  1. It empowers citizens to access information from public authorities.
  2. It mandates proactive disclosure of information by the government.
  3. It is applicable to private sector companies as well.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The RTI Act allows citizens to seek information from government authorities. ✅
  • It mandates proactive disclosure of key government decisions. ✅
  • It does not apply to private companies unless they receive significant government funding. ❌

74. With reference to the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India, consider the following statements:

  1. GST was implemented through the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
  2. It subsumed multiple indirect taxes into a single tax structure.
  3. It is a completely centralized tax collected only by the central government.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • GST was introduced by the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act. ✅
  • It replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, excise duty, and service tax. ✅
  • GST is a dual tax system shared between the central and state governments. ❌

75. Consider the following statements regarding the Make in India initiative (2014):

  1. It aims to promote manufacturing in India.
  2. It focuses only on large-scale industries.
  3. It encourages foreign direct investment (FDI) in various sectors.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The initiative aims to promote domestic manufacturing. ✅
  • It covers industries of all sizes, including small and medium enterprises. ❌
  • It encourages FDI in key sectors like defense, railways, and electronics. ✅

76. With reference to the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019, consider the following statements:

  1. It revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir.
  2. Jammu and Kashmir was reorganized into two Union Territories.
  3. The decision required a constitutional amendment.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • Article 370 was revoked, ending Jammu and Kashmir’s special status. ✅
  • The state was reorganized into two Union Territories: Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh. ✅
  • It was done through a Presidential Order and a parliamentary resolution, not a constitutional amendment. ❌

77. Consider the following statements regarding the Digital India initiative (2015):

  1. It aims to improve digital infrastructure and internet access in India.
  2. It includes programs like Aadhaar, e-Governance, and digital payments.
  3. It mandates that all government services must be provided only in digital format.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The initiative enhances digital infrastructure and broadband connectivity. ✅
  • It includes Aadhaar, e-Governance, and digital payments like UPI. ✅
  • It does not mandate exclusive digital services; offline options remain available. ❌

 

78. Consider the following statements regarding the NITI Aayog:

  1. It replaced the Planning Commission in 2015.
  2. It is responsible for formulating Five-Year Plans.
  3. It promotes cooperative federalism in policy-making.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015. ✅
  • It does not formulate Five-Year Plans; instead, it provides policy inputs and recommendations. ❌
  • It promotes cooperative federalism by involving states in policy-making. ✅

79. With reference to the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 2019, consider the following statements:

  1. It grants citizenship to persecuted religious minorities from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.
  2. It applies to all illegal immigrants in India.
  3. It excludes Muslims from the eligible refugee groups.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The CAA provides citizenship to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before 2015. ✅
  • It does not apply to all illegal immigrants, only to the specified religious groups. ❌
  • Muslims are not included in the eligible groups under this Act. ✅

80. Consider the following statements regarding the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1992):

  1. It provided a constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions.
  2. It mandated regular elections to Panchayati Raj bodies.
  3. It applies to all Indian states, including the Union Territories.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Tap here for Answer

✅ Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

📖 Explanation:

  • The 73rd Amendment granted constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions. ✅
  • It mandated regular elections to local bodies every five years. ✅
  • It does not apply to Union Territories without legislatures and certain states with scheduled areas. ❌

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