Daily Current Affairs โ 21 July 2026
Daily Current Affairs ยท 21 July 2026
10 fully-analysed topics ยท 30 bilingual MCQs ยท 3 embedded videos ยท built for UPSC Prelims & Mains
๐ฏ 30 MCQs
๐ฌ 3 Videos
๐ฎ๐ณ Hindi + English
UPSC Current Affairs MCQ โ 21 July 2026
10 UPSC-standard bilingual MCQs covering today's top stories ยท 10-sec timer per question
Score yourself as you go. Get a feel for how UPSC-level questions are framed around the day's news.
History
Birth Anniversary of Mangal Pandey
The Prime Minister paid homage to the great revolutionary and freedom fighter Mangal Pandey on his birth anniversary on 19th July
- Early Life: He was born on 19th July, 1827, in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh
- On 29th March, 1857, he mutinied and fired at his Senior Sergeant Major.
- Soldiers of the 7th Awadh Regiment revolted but were suppressed, while discontent spread to Ambala, Lucknow, and Meerut.
- On 10th May, 1857, Meerut sepoys rebelled, marched to Delhi, and declared Bahadur Shah Zafar II as Shah-en-shah-i-Hindustan, giving the 1857 revolt aโฆ
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- He symbolized Indian resistance against British rule
Which statement correctly describes Birth Anniversary of Mangal Pandey?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
History
Birth Anniversary of Shaheed Mangal Pandey
The Prime Minister paid tribute to the great freedom fighter Mangal Pandey on his birth anniversary on 19th July.
- Early Life: He was born on 19th July, 1827, in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh
- On 29th March, 1857, he mutinied and fired at his Senior Sergeant Major.
- Soldiers of the 7th Awadh Regiment revolted but were suppressed, while discontent spread to Ambala, Lucknow, and Meerut.
- On 10th May, 1857, Meerut sepoys rebelled, marched to Delhi, and declared Bahadur Shah Zafar II as Shah-en-shah-i-Hindustan, giving the 1857 revolt aโฆ
Show 1 more facts
- He symbolized Indian resistance against British rule
Which statement correctly describes Birth Anniversary of Shaheed Mangal Pandey?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
Economy
Index of Core Industries with Base Year 2022-23
The Office of Economic Adviser (OEA), Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industryโฆ
- The 2022โ23 base year series replaces the 2011โ12 series and is applied retrospectively from April 2023
- About: The ICI is a vital macroeconomic indicator that measures the combined and individual production performance of India's foundational industrialโฆ
- Addition of Iron Ore: The revised ICI has expanded the list of core industries from eight to nine by including Iron Ore
- To eliminate double counting, only Raw Coal has been retained, while Coal Middling and Washed Coal have been excluded.
Show 6 more facts
- Further, the sectoral weights have been updated using the IIP (Base Year 2022โ23) and normalized to 100
- Linking Factor = (Geometric Mean of the monthly ICI of the old series for 2022-23) / (Geometric Mean of the monthly ICI of the new series for 2022-23)
- The Linking Factor for the Overall Index of Core Industries is established at 1.47.
- Iron Ore (43.9%), Electricity (9.8%), Cement (9.8%), Steel (4.6%), and Coal (1.4%) observed positive year-on-year (Y-o-Y) growth, while Natural Gasโฆ
- Iron Ore and Electricity emerged as the major drivers of overall ICI growth in recent months.
- The cumulative ICI growth during AprilโJune 2026 stood at 3.6% (Provisional Estimates)
Which statement correctly describes Index of Core Industries with Base Year 2022-23?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
Economy
Index of Industrial Production and Revision of Base Year
India's Index of Industrial Production (IIP) growth slowed to 4.9% in April 2026 from 5.8% in April 2025, while the government introduced a revised IIP series with 2022-23 as the new base year, replacing 2011-12.
- Sectoral Performance (April 2026): The manufacturing sector, which dominates with about 76% weight in the IIP basket, grew by 6.2%
- About: Published monthly by the National Statistical Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)
- The index value for the base year is always set to 100, and current production is measured as a percentage against it.
- Furthermore, the weights assigned to each sector and industry have been revised in alignment with the updated Gross Value Added (GVA) 2022-23 series.
Show 2 more facts
- Electricity generation is now cleanly split between renewable and non-renewable sources
- It serves as an early measure of industrial performance
Which statement correctly describes Index of Industrial Production and Revisionโฆ?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
IR
World AI Cooperation Organization
At the 2026 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) held in Shanghai, China announced the operational launch of the World AI Cooperation Organization (WAICO).
- The establishment of WAICO, signed by 29 countries, marks China's most significant attempt to influence global Artificial Intelligence (AI)โฆ
- About: WAICO is an independent intergovernmental organization headquartered in Shanghai
- Establishment: First proposed at the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC)
- State-Centric AI Governance: Despite promoting global AI cooperation
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- Risk of Digital Authoritarianism: Critics argue that WAICO could institutionalize state-led digital governance by promoting Chinese AI technologiesโฆ
- Promotes a "Symphony" of AI Cooperation: China advocates that AI development should be an international "symphony" rather than the "solo performance"โฆ
- Bring down electricity consumption in industrial units
Which statement correctly describes World AI Cooperation Organization?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
๐ฐ Indian Economy MCQ Quiz ยท เคญเคพเคฐเคคเฅเคฏ เค เคฐเฅเคฅเคตเฅเคฏเคตเคธเฅเคฅเคพ
10 bilingual MCQs ยท Indian Economy ยท Members Only on YouTube
Today's rotation: Indian Economy. Take this break between news topics to sharpen the core concept.
IR
22nd ASEAN-India Summit
The 22nd ASEANโIndia Summit, held in Kuala Lumpur, saw India declare 2026 as the ASEAN-India Year of Maritime Cooperation and marked a major stepโฆ
- ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP): India reaffirmed its commitment to ASEAN Centrality, Unity, and the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP)
- 2025 announced as the ASEANโIndia Year of Tourism.
- The year 2026 was designated as the "ASEANโIndia Year of Maritime Cooperation" to enhance collaboration in the Blue Economy.
- India and ASEAN to deepen cooperation in education
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- The ASEAN was established in Thailand's Bangkok in 1967
- Brunei Darussalam joined ASEAN in 1984, followed by Vietnam in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997, and Cambodia in 1999 and Timor Leste in October 2025โฆ
- Timor-Leste has officially become the 11th member of ASEAN-the first expansion of the group since 1999.
- Located in Southeast Asia, the island of Timor is part of Maritime Southeast Asia, and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands.
- To the north of the mountainous island are the Ombai Strait
- Its economy relies heavily on oil and gas reserves in the Timor Sea.
Which statement correctly describes 22nd ASEAN-India Summit?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
Economy
The African Union at 20
The African Union is celebrating its 20th Anniversary on 9th of July 2022.
- Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests
- About: The African Union (AU) is a continental body consisting of the 55 member states that make up the countries of the African Continent.
- In 1963, the Organization of African Unity was founded by the independent states of Africa
- The 1980 Lagos Plan of Action was adopted by the Organization of African Unity
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- In 2002, the Organization of African Unity was succeeded by the African Union, which had as one of its goals to accelerate the "economic integrationโฆ
- African Continental Free Trade Area: It was established in 2018 by the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCTA)
- The AfCFTA preliminary work is on steps such as incremental tariff reduction
- AU has established a permanent mission in Beijing, China, to strengthen economic, commercial and cultural ties with Africa's largest trading partner
- AU championed a 10-year continental declaration aimed at gender equality and women's empowerment that was introduced in February 2020.
- This declaration, called the Decade of Women's Financial and Economic Inclusion, sees African leaders commit to taking action for gender inclusionโฆ
Which statement correctly describes The African Union at 20?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
IR
25th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit
The Prime Minister of India participated in the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), held in Tianjin, China.
- Counter-Terrorism: Tianjin Declaration strongly condemned terrorism
- Membership & Partnerships: Laos accepted as a partner country, taking SCO's total strength to 27 (10 members (including India) + 17 partners).
- Global Governance: The Global Governance Initiative (GGI) was proposed to promote sovereign equality, multilateralism, and a just global order
- Reaffirmed people-to-people engagement and the importance of mutual respect and collaboration among member states.
Show 6 more facts
- The summit condemned military actions in Gaza and Iran and emphasized inclusive governance in Afghanistan for lasting peace.
- Expanding Geopolitical Reach: SCO has grown beyond its Central Asian origins
- It provides space for Global South voices to resist being confined to outdated global frameworks.
- The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) of SCO in Tashkent, Uzbekistan strengthens cooperation against terrorism, separatism, and extremism.
- The SCO Business Council and Interbank Consortium push forward multilateral economic projects.
- SCO is positioning itself as a forum for inclusive development, aligning with the aspirations of the Global South.
Which statement correctly describes 25th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)โฆ?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
IR
BRICS in the Era of Geopolitical Shifts
Brazil handed over the BRICS presidency to India, passing a symbolic gavel made of recycled wood from the Amazon rainforest symbolizing sustainability.
- Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests
- Brazil stated that the relevance of BRICS has grown amid rising mistrust in multilateralism
- Brazil handed over the BRICS presidency to India amid rising mistrust in multilateralism.
- BRICS, expanded to include nations like Egypt and the UAE, promotes multipolarity through institutions like the NDB and initiatives like the Grainโฆ
Show 6 more facts
- While its role is growing amid global mistrust
- About: BRICS is a collaborative intergovernmental organization of major emerging economies
- It aims to counterbalance Western influence and advocate for a more multipolar world order.
- Saudi Arabia has accepted membership but has not yet formalized it, while Argentina opted out after initial consideration.
- In 2024, BRICS introduced a partner countries status, initially granted to Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Ugandaโฆ
- India's current BRICS Sherpa is Sudhakar Dalela.
BRICS has grown into a pivotal platform advocating for multipolarity, leveraging economic heft and institutional innovation.
Which statement correctly describes BRICS in the Era of Geopolitical Shifts?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
IR
Shifting of Route of the Silk Road
A recent study by Chinese scientists published in the journal Science Bulletin, found that the main route of the ancient Silk Road shifted northward due to climate change.
- The study provides a valuable case study for examining the relationship between climate change and the spatial evolution of human societies.
- About: The Silk Road was a vast network of trade routes that connected the Atlantic seaboard of Europe with the Pacific coast of Asia (China)
- It was named for the lucrative silk trade that was established in China at the far eastern end of the trade route.
- Besides silk, the route was also used to transport other goods such as spices, gold, and precious stones.
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- Along the way, it passed through a number of important cities and kingdoms, including Samarkand, Babylon, and Constantinople.
- In the 2nd century BCE, Emperor Wu of the Chinese Han Dynasty dispatched his diplomat Zhang Qian to the "Western Regions" (Xinjiang and beyond).Thisโฆ
- Old Route (Tarim Basin Route): The original main route of the Silk Road went around the Tarim Basin which lies between the Tianshan Mountains to theโฆ
- The merchants chose this route in order to avoid the harsh desert conditions of the Tarim Basin.
- During the period of around 420โ850 CE, the caravans no longer followed the traditional route around the Tarim Basin on the Silk Road
- This "New Northern" route eventually replaced the Tarim Basin route entirely.
How is China's revival of the ancient silk route through the BRI changing the region's geopolitics?
Which statement correctly describes Shifting of Route of the Silk Road?
โ Correct! That fact belongs to this topic.
โ Not quite โ that fact is from another headline. The green option is right.
Simple Current Affairs MCQ โ 21 July 2026
10 accessible MCQs covering the same topics ยท great for quick revision
End your study session with these simpler MCQs to lock in recall of today's current affairs.







