Daily Current Affairs — 09 November 2026
Daily Current Affairs · 09 November 2026
10 fully-analysed topics · 30 bilingual MCQs · 3 embedded videos · built for UPSC Prelims & Mains
🎯 30 MCQs
🎬 3 Videos
🇮🇳 Hindi + English
Indian History MCQ Quiz · भारतीय इतिहास प्रश्नोत्तरी
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Environment
India Targets 1st Human Deep-Sea Mission to 6,000 Metres by 2028
India aims to undertake its first human deep-sea mission to a depth of up to 6,000 metres by 2028 under the Samudrayaan Mission.
- Samudrayaan Mission: India's human deep-sea exploration initiative under the Deep Ocean Mission
- It is designed for 12 hours of normal operation
- Key regional priorities include improving ocean observation networks
Which of the following statements about India Targets 1st Human Deep-Sea Mission to 6,000 Metres by is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
History
Samudrayaan Mission
According to the Ministry of Earth Science, the Samudrayaan Mission is expected to be realised by year 2026.
- About: The mission is aimed at sending three personnel to 6000-metre depth in a vehicle called 'MATSYA 6000'
- It has an endurance of 12 hours under normal operation and 96 hours in case of emergency for human safety.
- The manned submersible will allow scientific personnel to observe and understand unexplored deep-sea areas by direct intervention.
- It will also boost the Central government's vision of 'New India' that highlights the Blue Economy as one of the ten core dimensions of growth
Show 6 more facts
- For India, with its three sides surrounded by the oceans and around 30% of the nation's population living in coastal areas
- It was approved in June 2021 by the Ministry of Earth Sciences
- The cost of the Mission has been estimated at Rs. 4,077 crores over a five-year period and will be implemented in phases.
- India-Norway Task Force on Blue Economy for Sustainable Development: It was inaugurated jointly by both the countries in 2020 to develop
- Sagarmala Project: The Sagarmala project is the strategic initiative for port-led development through the extensive use of IT enabled services
- O-SMART: India has an umbrella scheme by the name of O-SMART which aims at regulated use of oceans, marine resources for sustainable development.
With reference to Samudrayaan Mission, consider the following statements:
- About: The mission is aimed at sending three personnel to 6000-metre depth in a vehicle called 'MATSYA 3000'
- It has an endurance of 12 hours under normal operation and 96 hours in case of emergency for human safety
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Geography
Deep Ocean Mission
Recently, the Ministry of Earth Sciences has launched the Deep Ocean Mission (DOM).
- DOM is a mission mode project to support the Blue Economy Initiatives of the Government of India.
- Earlier, the Ministry of Earth Sciences had also rolled out the draft Blue Economy Policy.
- Blue Economy is the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods and jobs, and ocean ecosystem health.
- Development of Manned Submersible Vehicle: A manned submersible will be developed to carry three people to a depth of 6,000 metres in the ocean
Show 6 more facts
- NIOT & ISRO is jointly developing a Manned Submersible Vehicle.
- An Integrated Mining System will be also developed for mining polymetallic nodules at those depths in the central Indian Ocean
- It entails developing a suite of observations and models to understand
- Bio-prospecting of deep-sea flora and fauna including microbes
- It will explore and identify potential sites of multi-metal Hydrothermal Sulphides mineralization along the Indian Ocean mid-oceanic ridges.
- Studies and detailed engineering design for offshore Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) powered desalination plants are envisaged in this proof
If National Water Mission is properly and completely implemented, how will it impact the country?
Which of the following statements about Deep Ocean Mission is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
India’s Renewable Energy Revolution
India has emerged as a global clean energy leader, adding a record 29 GW of renewable energy in the year 2024 alone.
- With 232 GW installed capacity and 176 GW under construction
- Status: India ranks 3rd in solar, 4th in wind, and 4th in total renewable energy capacity globally
- Market-Driven Bidding: India replaced feed-in tariffs with transparent bidding
- Waiver of ISTS Charges: Waiver of inter-state transmission system (ISTS) charges has removed geographical barriers
Show 6 more facts
- Flagship Programs and Initiatives: Due to PLI Scheme for Solar Manufacturing
- PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana targets 30 GW decentralized capacity across 1 crore households, with more than 10 lakh houses already onboarded.
- Under PM-KUSUM, Farmers get up to 60% subsidy on solar pumps under PM Kusum Yojana, ensuring daytime power and extra income.
- The National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) aims to produce 5 MMT of green hydrogen annually by 2030
- Under the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme, ethanol blending in petrol rose from 1.5% (2013) to 15% (2024)
- India's renewable energy sector accounted for nearly 8% of total foreign direct investment inflows in the financial year 2024-25
Discuss the key reforms that have enabled India's rapid renewable energy expansion and their impact on global sustainability efforts.
Which of the following statements about India’s Renewable Energy Revolution is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
Transformative Reforms for Viksit Bharat@2047
As India prepares to celebrate its 100th year of Independence in 2047.
- C – Cut the Compliance Burden: India faces 69,000+ compliances under 1,500+ laws
- Also, electoral funding transparency must be enhanced
- Goods and Services Tax (GST) has demonstrated the strength of Centre–State cooperation
- E – Ease of Doing Business: Swift implementation of Jan Vishwas Act, 2023 is needed to decriminalise more minor business offences.
Show 6 more facts
- T – Tax Reform (GST): Simplify GST and gradually expand its ambit to include fuel, alcohol, electricity, and real estate under it.
- M – MSMEs & Markets: Revive MSME growth with enhanced credit access, and provide global listing opportunities for Indian firms via GIFT IFSC.
- A – Atmanirbhar in Defence: Raise Defence Spending to 3% of GDP
- D – Deregulation: Setting up a factory in India requires too much paperwork
- F – Finance & Fertility: Improve farm credit access. Replace input subsidies with direct cash transfers
- India can boost agricultural exports to USD 70 billion by focusing on value chains for high-potential items like rice, spices, fruits, and vegetables.
Which of the following statements about Transformative Reforms for Viksit Bharat@2047 is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
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S&T
Samudrayaan Project
Two Indian aquanauts dived into the Atlantic Ocean aboard France's submersible Nautile as part of preparations for the Samudrayaan Project.
- About: Samudrayaan is India's first human deep-sea mission. It is a key component of the Deep Ocean Mission
- It will strengthen India's strategic position by joining the select group of countries (US
- It is expected to withstand an external pressure up to 600bar under low temperature conditions of -3C.
- It is equipped with life-support, acoustic communication, Li-Po batteries, drop-weight escape, and bio-vests for crew health monitoring.
Show 6 more facts
- The development of MATSYA 6000 is a collaboration between the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT)
- Objective: Launched by Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) for a period of 5 years (2021-26) to develop technologies for exploring
- It supports climate change research and aligns with UN's 2021–2030 'Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development'
- In December 2022, it surveyed mineral-rich zones at a depth of 5,271 meters in the Central Indian Ocean Basin Polymetallic Manganese Nodule (PMN)
- Using the research vessel SagarNidhi, the AUV OMe 6000 conducted a 14 sq
- A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles
With reference to Samudrayaan Project, consider the following statements:
- About: Samudrayaan is India's first human deep-sea mission. It is a key component of the Deep Ocean Mission
- It will weaken India's strategic position by joining the select group of countries (US
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Polity
Punjab-Haryana-Rajasthan Water Dispute
Marking the 60th anniversary of its reorganisation on Foundation Day (1st November), the Punjab Assembly passed five resolutions to revive decades-old inter-state river water-sharing disputes.
- The resolutions demanded an equitable share in Yamuna waters
- Initial Allocations (1955): Under a historical arrangement dating to 1920
- Following PEPSU's merger with Punjab in 1956, Punjab's combined share became 7.20 MAF.
- The allocation was also linked to India's efforts to demonstrate planned utilisation of eastern river waters during negotiations preceding the Indus
Show 6 more facts
- Post-1960, water sharing was treated as a national inter-state allocation rather than a paid commercial arrangement, prompting Rajasthan to stop
- The Act provided for an agreement among the successor states
- In 1976, the Centre allocated 3.5 MAF each to Punjab and Haryana, with 0.08 MAF recommended for Delhi.
- Its 1987 report recommended 5 MAF for Punjab and 3.83 MAF for Haryana, while retaining Rajasthan's 8.6 MAF allocation
- In 2016, the Supreme Court struck down this law as unconstitutional following a Presidential Reference
- Punjab (The Upper Riparian): Punjab invokes the strict Riparian Principle
2. What is the significance of Entry 56 of the Union List? It empowers Parliament to regulate and develop inter-state rivers
Which of the following statements about Punjab-Haryana-Rajasthan Water Dispute is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Geography
Yamuna Rejuvenation
Recently, the Union Home Minister chaired a high-level review meeting in New Delhi on the rejuvenation of the Yamuna River and called for a coordinated action plan by Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
- The Minister directed continuous monitoring of key water quality indicators
- The Municipal Corporation of Delhi and the National Dairy Development Board would sign an MoU to divert dairy waste to biogas
- About: The Yamuna River is one of the major tributaries of the Ganges in Northern India
Polity
Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB)
Recently, the Central government has decided to adopt a new criterion for selecting members of the Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB).
- A notification has been issued to amend the BBMB Rules 1974, thereby changing the criteria for the selection of whole-time members of the Board
- The engineers have pointed out that hardly any engineer would qualify for appointment as per the new specifications
- The genesis of BBMB lies in the Indus Water Treaty signed between India and Pakistan in 1960
- Bhakra and Beas projects form a major part of this plan and were established as a joint venture of the then undivided Punjab and Rajasthan.
Show 6 more facts
- Pursuant to this Bhakra Management Board was renamed as Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) w.e.f. 15th May 1976.
- It includes a chairperson and two whole time members who are from the partner states of Punjab and Haryana
- The Beas-Satluj link scheme consists of a 76.2 m high rockfill diversion dam at Pondoh on Beas River in Mandi district (HP).
- Pong is a multipurpose earth & rockfill dam on Beas River, 40 km from Mukerian, Mukerian District, Himachal Pradesh
- Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej River and is near the border between Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in northern India.
- It is India's second tallest at 225.55 m high next to the 261m Tehri Dam.
Which of the following statements about Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Geography
Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Dispute
Recently, the Supreme Court has ordered the Punjab Government to complete Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) canal, warning the Government to comply with its orders.
- The court directed the Union Government to oversee talks between Punjab and the Haryana governments on this topic
- The Issue stems from a controversial 1981 water-sharing agreement drawn up when Haryana was carved out of Punjab in 1966.
- 1960: The dispute can be traced back to the Indus Water Treaty between India and Pakistan
- Creation of Haryana from the old (undivided) Punjab presented the problem of giving Haryana its share of river waters
Show 6 more facts
- Punjab refused to share waters with Haryana stating it was against the riparian principle
- Both states mutually agreed for the re-allocation of water.
- Construction of the 214-km SYL was launched in Kapoori village, Punjab.
- Agitations, protests and assassinations were carried out in protest creating the environment of terrorism in the state
- Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and then Akali Dal chief Sant signed an accord agreeing for a new Tribunal to assess the water.
- The Eradi Tribunal headed by Supreme Court Judge V Balakrishna Eradi was set up to reassess availability and sharing of water.
With reference to Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Dispute, consider the following statements:
- The court directed the Union Government to oversee talks between Punjab and the Haryana governments on this topic
- The Issue stems from a controversial 1981 water-sharing agreement drawn up when Haryana was carved out of Punjab in 1971
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Indian Geography MCQ Quiz · भारतीय भूगोल प्रश्नोत्तरी
A second members-only subject quiz – lock in today's study session
Current affairs alone will not clear Prelims. Close the day on the static syllabus with this members-only quiz.
