Daily Current Affairs — 28 September 2026
Daily Current Affairs · 28 September 2026
10 fully-analysed topics · 30 bilingual MCQs · 3 embedded videos · built for UPSC Prelims & Mains
🎯 30 MCQs
🎬 3 Videos
🇮🇳 Hindi + English
Indian Economy MCQ Quiz · भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था प्रश्नोत्तरी
Members-only quiz on the Netmock channel – bilingual, exam-standard
Warm up on a core subject before the news. Join the channel to unlock the full members-only quiz library.
IR
Debate on UNSC Veto Power
At the 81st Session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2026.
- Concurrently, Russia reaffirmed its support for India's permanent membership of the UNSC during the UNGA session
- UNSC veto reform seeks to balance effectiveness
- India advocates comprehensive UNSC reform, opposing a two-tier permanent membership, supporting veto parity if the veto continues
- Origin of the Veto: While the word "veto" is not explicitly mentioned in the UN Charter, the concept was established through Article 27(3)
Show 6 more facts
- However, an abstention or absence by a P5 member does not count as a veto.
- Undemocratic Nature: The absolute negative vote of five states legally enshrines an oligopoly
- Institutional Paralysis: The veto frequently causes gridlock during major geopolitical crises
- For instance, the US has frequently used its veto to block resolutions critical of Israel regarding the situation in Gaza, while Russia has used the
- From 1945–2025, the UNSC veto was used 320 times on 264 draft resolutions/amendments, led by the Soviet Union/Russia (155) and the US (94).
- France argues that veto power should carry a special responsibility to enable UNSC action during mass atrocities
Which of the following statements about Debate on UNSC Veto Power is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
IR
Khalilur Rahman Elected President of 81st UNGA Session
Recently, Bangladesh Foreign Minister Khalilur Rahman was elected President of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through a secret-ballot election, defeating Andreas Kakouris of Cyprus.
- This marks the second time Bangladesh has secured the UNGA presidency, with the country last holding the post during the 41st session in 1986-87.
- Term: Khalilur Rahman will assume office when the 81st UNGA session opens in September 2026. The presidency is for a one-year term.
- Regional Rotation: The President of the UN General Assembly is elected annually
- Theme of Presidency: The theme for the 81st session is "Restoring Trust
Show 2 more facts
- UN General Assembly: The UNGA is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and includes all 193 member states
- Role of UNGA President: The President of the General Assembly presides over UNGA sessions
With reference to Khalilur Rahman Elected President of 81st UNGA Session, consider the following statements:
- This marks the second time Bangladesh has secured the UNGA presidency, with the country last holding the post during the 41st session in 1986-44
- Term: Khalilur Rahman will assume office when the 81st UNGA session opens in September 2026. The presidency is for a one-year term
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
United Nation Security Council
The United Nation Security Council (UNSC) got five new non permanent members (Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana and the United Arab Emirates).
- Albania is joining for the first time while Brazil is taking an 11th turn
- More than 50 of the UN's 193 member countries have never been elected to the council since its formation.
- UNSC: About: The Security Council was established by the UN Charter in 1945. It is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations
- The council has 15 members: the five permanent members and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms
Show 6 more facts
- India, for the eighth time, has entered the UNSC as a non-permanent member last year (2021) and will stay on the council for two years i.e 2021-22.
- Each member of the Security Council has one vote
- Any member of the United Nations which is not a member of the Security Council may participate
- India took active part in the formulation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1947-48
- India has played its part in formulating decisions on several issues such as admitting former colonies to the UN
- It has contributed extensively to the UN, particularly for the maintenance of international peace and security
Which of the following statements about United Nation Security Council is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
IR
India’s Proposed BRICS Reform Roadmap
During the 18th BRICS Summit held in New Delhi (September 2026), the Indian Prime Minister urged BRICS leaders to formulate 10 global governance reform proposals.
- India's proposed BRICS Reform Roadmap seeks to reform global institutions through Representation
- It aims to address challenges such as UNSC underrepresentation
- From "Rule-Takers to Rule-Shapers": India emphasized the need to dismantle the current global governance structure (described as a "pyramid of
- Representation: The reform of the UN Security Council (UNSC) can no longer be delayed
Show 6 more facts
- As a practical example, India proposed establishing a Seafarers' Emergency Support Network to connect maritime authorities
- To achieve this, BRICS aims to provide young diplomats from the Global South with legal, practical
- Empowering the Global South: By proposing a concrete
- Outdated Representation in the UNSC: The UNSC largely reflects the geopolitical realities of the post-World War II era
- Transitioning to Text-Based Negotiations: The UN General Assembly must move beyond open-ended debates within the Intergovernmental Negotiations (IGN)
- Democratizing the Financial Architecture: There is an urgent need to expedite quota realignments at the IMF
3. What is the significance of the Ezulwini Consensus? The Ezulwini Consensus represents Africa's common position seeking two permanent
Which of the following statements about India’s Proposed BRICS Reform Roadmap is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
The African Union at 20
The African Union is celebrating its 20th Anniversary on 9th of July 2022.
- About: The African Union (AU) is a continental body consisting of the 55 member states that make up the countries of the African Continent.
- In 1963, the Organization of African Unity was founded by the independent states of Africa
- The 1980 Lagos Plan of Action was adopted by the Organization of African Unity
- In 2002, the Organization of African Unity was succeeded by the African Union
Show 6 more facts
- African Continental Free Trade Area: It was established in 2018 by the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCTA)
- The AfCFTA preliminary work is on steps such as incremental tariff reduction
- AU has established a permanent mission in Beijing, China, to strengthen economic, commercial and cultural ties with Africa's largest trading partner
- AU championed a 10-year continental declaration aimed at gender equality and women's empowerment that was introduced in February 2020.
- Unconstitutional Hold on Power: Africa has seen a troubling resurgence of military coups and leaders using unconstitutional means to cling to power
- An increasing number of democratically elected and legitimate governments are cracking down on civil society organisations.
Which of the following statements about The African Union at 20 is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Psychology NCERT (Class 11th) : Chapter 1
The channel's most-watched lesson – 61,852 views
Take a break from the news and watch the lesson more UPSC aspirants have watched than any other on this channel.
History
5 Countries Elected to UN Security Council
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) elected five countries as non-permanent members of the Security Council for two-year terms beginning 1st January 2027.
- Elected Members by Region: Austria and Portugal (Western European and Other States)
- The election marks a historic milestone for Kyrgyzstan
- The newly elected members will join Bahrain, Colombia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Latvia, and Liberia (elected in 2026, serving through 2027).
- About: The United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
Show 5 more facts
- Members: The Council comprises 15 members, including 5 permanent members (P5)- China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom
- Non-permanent members: These non-permanent seats are allocated on a regional basis: 5 for African and Asian States
- Election of Non-permanent Members: Elections are held annually through a secret ballot
- Binding Authority: The UNSC remains the only UN body whose decisions member states are obligated to implement under the UN Charter.
- India's Participation: India's participation in the Security Council has been as a non-permanent member during the periods of 1950-51
Which of the following statements about 5 Countries Elected to UN Security Council is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
IR
Syrian Civil War and Future of Syria
Recently, Syrian rebels, led by the Islamist militant group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), have claimed control of Homs, Syria's third-largest city, in a significant blow to President Bashar al-Assad's regime.
- This development, amidst the ongoing civil war, has raised concerns about the future of Syria, as it faces a growing challenge from rebel factions.
- Syria and the Civil War: Historical Context: Since 1971
- Arab Spring, wave of pro-democracy protests and uprisings that took place in the Middle East and North Africa beginning in 2010
- The grievances were manifold, including rising unemployment, economic inequality, and corruption.
Show 6 more facts
- The Assad regime, dominated by the Alawite minority(a minority Muslim sect in Syria), was accused of marginalizing the Sunni majority.
- Multiple rebel factions rose up, backed by foreign powers, all aiming to oust Assad. Ultimately led to the fall of the Assad regime in Syria.
- Hayat Tahrir al-Sham: The primary group responsible for capturing and controlling most parts of Syria
- While not a direct enemy of Assad, they are part of the wider opposition forces.
- Russia and Iran: These countries have been Assad's primary allies, providing military support and strategic backing.
- US and Turkey: Both have supported anti-Assad factions, but Turkey's main concern is the Kurdish influence within Syria.
Discuss the implications of the Syrian conflict and its potential impact on India's strategic interests.
Which of the following statements about Syrian Civil War and Future of Syria is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
History
UN Declares Famine in Gaza
The United Nations has officially declared a famine in Gaza, marking the first famine in West Asia, with over half a million people facing extreme hunger due to conflict and restricted access to food.
- Famine: The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) defines Famine as a situation in
- The Gaza Strip is a coastal territory in West Asia, approximately 41 km long and 10 km-wide territory, situated northeast of the Sinai Peninsula.
- The Gaza Strip remains a strategically important and densely populated enclave
With reference to UN Declares Famine in Gaza, consider the following statements:
- Famine: The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) defines Famine as a situation in
- The Gaza Strip is a coastal territory in West Asia, approximately 41 km long and 20 km-wide territory, situated northeast of the Sinai Peninsula
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source.
Not quite. Check each statement on its own before looking at the options. One of the two alters a figure, an institution or the direction of change stated in the source. The green option is the correct one.
History
Group of Four (G-4) Countries
On the sidelines of the 76th session of the UN General Assembly, the G-4 countries highlight 'urgent need' for reform in U.N.
- The G4 is a grouping of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan which are aspiring to become permanent members of the UNSC.
- The G4 countries are supporting each other's bids for permanent membership of the UNSC.
- The G4 nations traditionally meet on the sidelines of the annual high-level UN General Assembly session.
- They felt that the UN decision-making bodies needed to be urgently reformed as global issues were increasingly complex and interconnected.
Show 6 more facts
- Further, they reiterated their joint commitment to work toward text-based negotiations that lead to Reformed Multilateralism.
- They highlighted that General Assembly did not make "meaningful progress" in the Inter-Governmental Negotiations (IGN) and lacked transparency.
- They reiterated their support for African countries being represented in a permanent and non-permanent capacity.
- UN represents a larger world and the irony is that it has only 5 permanent members in its important body.
- The current composition of the Security Council represents the post-World War II realities
- At the time of the formation of the UNSC, big powers were given privileges to make them part of the council
Which of the following statements about Group of Four (G-4) Countries is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Economy
Call for Reforming UN Security Council
As the United Nations (UN) approaches its 80th anniversary in 2025, the G4 countries (India, Brazil, Germany, and Japan) have reiterated their calls for urgent reforms of the UN Security Council (UNSC).
- This was supported by other plurilateral groupings such as the L69 and C-10.
- Also, India addressed the 79th UNGA summit, sharing its perspectives and recommendations on global development and reforms.
- L69 Group: The L69 Group consists of 42 developing nations, including India, from Asia, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.
- It advocates for expanding both permanent and non-permanent UNSC membership to reflect current global realities and enhance accountability
Show 6 more facts
- The Committee of Ten (C-10) Heads of State and Government of the African Union consists of 10 African nations.
- It aims to reform the UNSC by advocating for improved representation of Africa and promoting the Common African Position
- The Sirte Declaration (1999) was the resolution adopted to establish the African Union and address peace
- The G4 is a grouping of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan which are aspiring to become permanent members of the UNSC.
- It was created in 2004 and has been promoting UN Security Council Reforms.
- The G4 countries are backing each other's efforts for permanent UNSC membership
Which of the following statements about Call for Reforming UN Security Council is correct?
Correct. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute.
Not quite. The three wrong options each change one thing from the source: a figure, the institution involved, the direction of change, or a qualifier turned into an absolute. The green option is the correct one.
Indian Polity MCQ Quiz · भारतीय राजव्यवस्था प्रश्नोत्तरी
A second members-only subject quiz – lock in today's study session
Current affairs alone will not clear Prelims. Close the day on the static syllabus with this members-only quiz.
