India’s Clean Energy Transition & Net Zero Emissions Target (2025)

7️⃣4️⃣ India’s Clean Energy Transition & Net Zero Emissions Target (2025) 🌱⚡

🔹 Introduction

India is aggressively transitioning to clean energy sources to meet its Net Zero emissions target by 2070. The government is scaling up renewable energy capacity, green hydrogen production, and carbon capture technologies while reducing dependence on coal.

Initiatives like the National Solar Mission, Wind Energy Expansion Plan, and Electric Mobility Push are accelerating India’s energy transition, creating green jobs, and ensuring sustainable economic growth. However, challenges such as grid modernization, high renewable energy costs, and energy storage limitations remain.

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🔹 Key Developments in India’s Clean Energy Transition (2025)

✅ Expansion of Solar & Wind Energy Capacity ☀️💨

• India surpasses 200 GW of renewable energy capacity.
• World’s largest floating solar power plant operationalized in Madhya Pradesh.
• Offshore wind farms launched along Gujarat & Tamil Nadu coasts.

✅ Green Hydrogen & Battery Storage Development 🔋

• Gigafactories set up for lithium-ion & solid-state battery production.
• Green hydrogen production scaled up with ₹20,000 crore investments.
• Ammonia-based hydrogen storage solutions tested for large-scale deployment.

✅ Electric Vehicles (EVs) & Grid Modernization 🚗⚡

• National Smart Grid Mission integrates AI-driven energy distribution.
• EV charging infrastructure expanded across highways & metro cities.
• Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology piloted for EV battery energy storage.

✅ Carbon Capture & Climate Resilience Initiatives 🌎

• Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage (CCUS) projects launched for heavy industries.
• Reforestation & urban green infrastructure expanded for carbon offset.
• Climate-resilient farming & water conservation linked to renewable energy projects.

✅ Challenges in India’s Clean Energy Transition ⚠️

• High infrastructure costs for solar & wind energy projects.
• Battery storage limitations affecting renewable energy reliability.
• Grid modernization needed for large-scale renewable energy integration.

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📌 Advanced 3-Statement-Based MCQs on India’s Clean Energy Transition (2025)

1️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s renewable energy expansion:

1. India has surpassed 200 GW of total renewable energy capacity.
2. Floating solar power plants are being developed for energy efficiency.
3. India has completely stopped using coal for electricity generation.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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2️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding green hydrogen and energy storage in India:

1. India is investing in gigafactories for lithium-ion battery production.
2. Green hydrogen production is being expanded with large-scale investments.
3. Hydrogen storage using ammonia-based technology is fully commercialized in India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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3️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding India’s electric vehicle (EV) and grid modernization efforts:

1. AI-driven smart grids are being integrated into India’s power distribution network.
2. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology allows EVs to feed power back into the grid.
3. India has mandated 100% electrification of all vehicles by 2030.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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4️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding carbon capture and climate resilience in India:

1. India has launched Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage (CCUS) projects for industries.
2. Reforestation programs are being linked to carbon offset initiatives.
3. India has achieved 100% carbon neutrality in all major industries.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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5️⃣ Consider the following statements regarding challenges in India’s clean energy transition:

1. High infrastructure costs are a major barrier to renewable energy expansion.
2. India’s battery storage technology needs improvement for stable renewable energy supply.
3. Grid modernization for integrating large-scale renewable energy has been fully completed.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

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🚀 Conclusion

India’s clean energy transition is accelerating with large-scale solar, wind, and hydrogen investments, but grid modernization, energy storage, and financing challenges persist. With sustained policy support, global collaborations, and green technology innovations, India is on track to achieve its Net Zero goals.